Karstification is a phenomenon that is more common in limestone and gypsum than in other rocks. Despite their equal geological conditions such as tectonics and hydrology, karstification in limestone and gypsum is different in the Ramhormoz area in Zagros folded zone in the southwest of Iran. This study aims to evaluate the lithological, physical, and mechanical properties of gypsum and limestone from Gachsaran and Asmari formations in the Ramhormoz area as well as their relationship with karstification features. This investigation involves two main parts: a morphological study and laboratory tests. First, morphological features of karsts were measured in gypsum and limestone. Then lithological, physical, and mechanical properties of the two were measured using laboratory tests such as SEM and XRD analyses, a calcimeter test, dry density, saturated density, porosity, solubility, durability, Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS), and the Brazilian tensile tests. In the next step, the relationship between laboratory properties and karstification phenomena in these types of rocks was obtained. In this study, limestones were divided into four types based on calcite content, and gypsums were divided into two types based on texture: alabaster gypsum and porphyritic gypsum. Karst morphology studies show a higher frequency and larger dimensions of caves and karrens in limestone types 1 and 2, and collapse and cap rock sinkholes in porphyritic gypsum. The results of laboratory tests show that, compared to gypsum, limestone has higher compressive strength and slake durability and low dissolution potential. Because of their high strength and durability, karst features such as cave and karren are more stable in limestone compared to gypsum which has low strength and durability and high dissolution and is also unstable. According to this research, the karst in limestone is stable while in gypsum it is unstable.

岩溶作用是一种在石灰岩和石膏中比在其他岩石中更常见的现象。尽管构造和水文等地质条件相同，但在伊朗西南部扎格罗斯褶皱带的 Ramhormoz 地区，石灰岩和石膏的岩溶作用不同。本研究旨在评估来自 Ramhormoz 地区 Gachsaran 和 Asmari 地层的石膏和石灰岩的岩性、物理和力学性质，以及它们与岩溶特征的关系。这项调查包括两个主要部分：形态学研究和实验室测试。首先，在石膏和石灰岩中测量了岩溶的形态特征。然后使用实验室测试（如 SEM 和 XRD 分析、钙化计测试、干密度、饱和密度、孔隙率、溶解度、耐久性、单轴抗压强度 (UCS) 和巴西拉伸测试。下一步，获得了这些类型岩石的实验室性质与岩溶现象之间的关系。在这项研究中，石灰岩根据方解石含量分为四种类型，石膏根据质地分为两种类型：雪花石膏和斑状石膏。岩溶形态研究表明，1 型和 2 型石灰岩中的洞穴和喀伦岩出现频率更高、尺寸更大，以及斑状石膏中的塌陷和盖层落水洞。实验室测试结果表明，与石膏相比，石灰石具有更高的抗压强度和熟化耐久性以及较低的溶解潜力。由于其高强度和耐用性，与石膏相比，洞穴和喀伦岩等岩溶特征在石灰岩中更稳定，石膏的强度和耐久性低，溶解度高，也不稳定。根据这项研究，石灰岩中的岩溶是稳定的，而石膏中则是不稳定的。