The goals of this research are to evaluate which chemical contaminations were detected in Brazil's drinking water reported in papers published from 2012 to 2019, to propose guideline values for emerging contaminants and assess which are the priority parameters from a health risk perspective. The methodology used was a systematic review. The chemical contaminants quantified were evaluated according to Brazilian drinking-water standards, and Guideline Values were proposed for emerging pollutants using conservative endpoints from NOAEL and LOAEL available in literature. From 1351 articles evaluated, 15 reached the research goal. Seventy-seven parameters were quantified in Brazilian drinking water from underground, surface and rainwater sources. Soil composition, mining, sewage and agricultural activities were the main sources for the seven classes framed: pesticides, metals, organic, endocrine disruptors, drugs, personal care products and illicit drugs. Twenty-two parameters are listed in the current Brazilian drinking water quality standard and 54 are not. Water was not considered appropriate to drink due to cadmium, aluminum, iron, nickel, mercury, atrazine, propionaldehyde, beryllium, acetone and 17 α-ethinyl estradiol (carcinogenic). Measures to reduce chemical contamination in drinking water need to be taken such as the expansion of sewage treatment and upgrading to tertiary treatment, and controlling and reducing the application of pesticides.

本研究的目标是评估在 2012 年至 2019 年发表的论文中报告的巴西饮用水中检测到哪些化学污染，提出新出现污染物的准则值，并从健康风险的角度评估哪些是优先参数。使用的方法是系统评价。根据巴西饮用水标准对量化的化学污染物进行评估，并使用文献中可用的 NOAEL 和 LOAEL 的保守端点为新兴污染物提出了准则值。从评估的1351篇文章中，15篇达到了研究目标。对来自地下、地表和雨水源的巴西饮用水中的 77 个参数进行了量化。土壤成分、采矿、污水和农业活动是以下七个类别的主要来源：杀虫剂、金属、有机物、内分泌干扰物、药物、个人护理产品和非法药物。巴西现行的饮用水质量标准中列出了 22 个参数，54 个未列出。由于镉、铝、铁、镍、汞、莠去津、丙醛、铍、丙酮和 17α-乙炔雌二醇（致癌）。应采取扩大污水处理升级三级处理、控制和减少农药使用等措施，减少饮用水中的化学污染。