Sequential congruency effects are observed in interference tasks, in which RTs are shorter for congruent stimuli preceded by congruent (cC) than incongruent stimuli (iC), and RTs are longer for incongruent stimuli preceded by congruent (cI) than incongruent stimuli (iI). These effects are interpreted as resulting from incongruent stimuli triggering attentional control in the next trial, which reduces cognitive control. The aim of this study was to examine sequential congruency effects on ERP components for Go- and Nogo-stimuli. We used the hybrid reverse Stroop Go/Nogo task. The stimuli were Kanji characters, “赤” (i.e., red) and “青” (i.e., blue ) painted in congruent and incongruent colors. Participants responded to one of the two characters (i.e, the Go-stimulus) and stop responding to the other character (i.e., the Nogo-stimulus). Results indicated that the Nogo-N1 was reduced by trials preceded by incongruent stimuli compared to congruent ones, suggesting that color processing was inhibited by attentional control. However, there was no reduction in the Go-N1. Moreover, the Nogo-N2 amplitudes were larger for cI than iI and iC than cC. On the other hand, the Go-N2 was not modulated by sequential modulation effects, which was lower for incongruent stimuli than congruent stimuli. These results indicate that the Nogo-N2 is involved in cognitive control, whereas the Go-N2 is associated with selection processing. These findings suggest that sequential congruency effects’ modulation of N1 and N2 required the response inhibition task demand. However, Go-P3 and Nogo-P3 amplitudes were the largest for cI. Therefore, the ERP components’ time range might be related to the interaction effect’s susceptibility between response inhibition task demand and sequential congruency effects.

中文翻译：

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反向 Stroop 干扰对 Go 和 Nogo 刺激的事件相关潜在成分的顺序一致性影响

在干扰任务中观察到顺序一致性效应，其中，在一致 (cC) 之前的一致刺激的 RT 比不一致刺激 (iC) 短，并且在一致 (cI) 之前的不一致刺激的 RT 比不一致刺激 (cI) 更长。这些影响被解释为由不一致的刺激引起下一次试验中的注意力控制，这会降低认知控制。本研究的目的是检查 Go 和 Nogo 刺激对 ERP 组件的连续一致性影响。我们使用了混合反向 Stroop Go/Nogo 任务。刺激物是汉字字符，“赤”（即红色）和“青”（即蓝色）以一致和不一致的颜色绘制。参与者对两个角色之一（即 Go-stimulus）作出反应，并停止对另一个角色（即 Nogo-stimulus）作出反应。结果表明，与一致刺激相比，不一致刺激之前的试验会降低 Nogo-N1，这表明注意力控制抑制了颜色处理。然而，Go-N1 并没有减少。此外，cI 的 Nogo-N2 振幅大于 iI，iC 大于 cC。另一方面，Go-N2 不受顺序调制效应的调制，不一致的刺激低于一致的刺激。这些结果表明 Nogo-N2 参与认知控制，而 Go-N2 与选择处理相关。这些发现表明 N1 和 N2 的连续一致性效应的调制需要响应抑制任务需求。然而，对于 cI，Go-P3 和 Nogo-P3 振幅是最大的。所以，