A relationship between heliospheric magnetic field, atmospheric electric field, lightning activity and secondary cosmic rays measured on high mount of Lomnický Štít (2634 m a.s.l.), Slovakia, during declining phase of the solar cycle 24 is investigated with focus on variations related to solar rotation (about 27 days). The secondary cosmic rays are detected by neutron monitor and detector system SEVAN which distinguishes between different particles and energies. Using spectral analysis, we found distinct ~27–day periodicities in variations of Bx, By components of heliospheric magnetic field and in pressure corrected measurements of secondary cosmic rays. The 27–day variations of secondary cosmic rays on average advanced (lagged) the variations of Bx (By) components by about 40 (-140), respectively. Distinct 27–day periodicities were found both in the neutron monitor and SEVAN upper and middle detector measurements. A non–dominant periodicity of ~27 days was also found for lightning activity. A cross-spectral analysis between fluctuation of lightning activity and fluctuation of heliospheric magnetic field (HMF) showed that fluctuation of lightning activity was in phase and in antiphase with Bx and By components of HMF, respectively, which is in agreement with previous studies investigating influence of solar activity on lightning. On the other hand, the ~27–day periodicity was not significant in the atmospheric electric field measured in Slovakia and Czechia. Therefore, no substantial influence of Bx, By on atmospheric electric field was observed at these middle latitude stations.

中文翻译：

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太阳风对二次宇宙射线和大气电的影响

研究了在太阳活动周期的下降阶段 24 期间在斯洛伐克 Lomnický Štít (2634 m asl) 高山上测量的日光层磁场、大气电场、闪电活动和二次宇宙射线之间的关系，重点是与太阳自转相关的变化（约 27 天）。二次宇宙射线由区分不同粒子和能量的中子监测器和探测器系统 SEVAN 探测到。使用光谱分析，我们发现 Bx 的变化具有明显的~27 天周期性，由日光层磁场的分量和二次宇宙射线的压力校正测量。二次宇宙线的27天变化平均分别使Bx（By）分量的变化提前（滞后）了约40（-140）。在中子监测器和 SEVAN 上、中探测器测量中都发现了不同的 27 天周期。还发现闪电活动的非显性周期约为 27 天。闪电活动波动与日光层磁场（HMF）波动的交叉谱分析表明，闪电活动波动分别与 HMF 的 Bx 和 By 分量同相和反相，这与先前研究影响的研究一致太阳活动对闪电的影响。另一方面，在斯洛伐克和捷克测量的大气电场中，~27 天的周期性并不显着。因此，在这些中纬度台站未观测到 Bx、By 对大气电场的实质性影响。