Solving the wheel-turnout contact geometry is complex because the rail section is varying along its longitudinal position. Besides, a large yaw angle will occur, especially when the vehicle passes the switch panel in a diverging route. However, previous researches seldom considered the aforementioned factors simultaneously in performing wheel–rail local contact analysis. This paper therefore proposes a novel three-dimensional (3D) contact geometry method considering the combined effects of varying rail profiles and the yaw angle. This study uses S1002CN wheels and the switch panel of a 1:12 turnout as research objects to study the contact geometry, normal and tangential contact solution. The results indicate that the combined influences of rail profiles varying within the contact patch and the yaw angle on the contact solution are significant. The variable rail profiles obviously affect the position of the contact point. With a yaw angle, the normal gap, contact patch shape and stress distribution calculated by the novel 3D contact geometry method are asymmetric along the lateral and longitudinal directions, especially when the wheel flange contacts with a rail gauge corner. The proposed method can improve the accuracy of the wheel–rail contact solution and help predict rail damage in switch panels.

求解车轮道岔接触几何形状很复杂，因为轨道截面沿其纵向位置变化。此外，会出现较大的偏航角，尤其是当车辆分岔路通过开关面板时。然而，以往的研究很少在进行轮轨局部接触分析时同时考虑上述因素。因此，本文提出了一种新颖的三维 (3D) 接触几何方法，该方法考虑了不同轨道轮廓和偏航角的综合影响。本研究以 S1002CN 车轮和 1:12 道岔的开关面板为研究对象，研究接触几何、法向和切向接触解。结果表明，接触面内变化的轨道轮廓和偏航角对接触解的综合影响是显着的。可变的轨道轮廓显然会影响接触点的位置。对于偏航角，通过新型 3D 接触几何方法计算的法向间隙、接触面形状和应力分布在横向和纵向方向上是不对称的，尤其是当轮缘与轨距角接触时。所提出的方法可以提高轮轨接触解决方案的准确性，并有助于预测开关面板中的轨道损坏。