During the pyrometallurgical extraction of copper, a significant fraction of this metal is lost with discard slag, which decreases profits and overall copper recovery. These copper losses can be reduced by using a settling furnace, in which suspended droplets containing copper separate from slag under the influence of gravity. An industrial trial was conducted in a settling furnace to increase the knowledge of the effect of temperature and settling time on the copper content of slag, and thus enhance the settling process to increase copper recovery. Slag samples were collected from four sample points: the ingoing and outgoing slag stream, within the furnace during settling, and the granulated slag. The chemical composition of the slag samples was analyzed and compared between batches with different temperatures and settling times. The appearance of copper and its associated phases were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy detector (SEM-EDS). The results indicated that the outgoing slag copper content increased with an increase in temperature, and it was also concluded to be influenced by the attachment of copper to spinels and gas bubbles. The results indicate that regulating the settling furnace temperature to a lower interval could increase copper recovery.

中文翻译：

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工艺参数对沉降炉还原硅酸铁渣中铜含量的影响

在铜的火法冶金提取过程中，这种金属的很大一部分随废弃炉渣一起流失，从而降低了利润和铜的整体回收率。这些铜损失可以通过使用沉降炉来减少，在沉降炉中，在重力的影响下，含有铜的悬浮液滴与炉渣分离。在沉降炉中进行了工业试验，以增加对温度和沉降时间对炉渣铜含量影响的认识，从而加强沉降过程以提高铜回收率。炉渣样品从四个采样点收集：进出炉渣流、沉降期间在炉内，以及粒状炉渣。分析了炉渣样品的化学成分，并在不同温度和沉降时间的批次之间进行了比较。使用具有能量色散 X 射线光谱检测器 (SEM-EDS) 的扫描电子显微镜分析铜及其相关相的外观。结果表明，出渣铜含量随着温度的升高而增加，并且还推断出受铜与尖晶石和气泡的附着的影响。结果表明，将沉降炉温度调节到较低的间隔可以提高铜的回收率。