Growth and yield of pea crops are severely affected by various fungal diseases, including root rot, Ascochyta blight, powdery mildew, and rust, in different parts of the world. Conventional breeding methods have led to enhancement of host plant resistance against these diseases in adapted cultivars, which is the primary option to minimize the yield losses. To support the breeding programs for marker-assisted selection, several successful attempts have been made to detect the genetic loci associated with disease resistance, based on SSR and SNP markers. In recent years, advances in next-generation sequencing platforms, and resulting improvements in high-throughput and economical genotyping methods, have been used to make rapid progress in identification of these loci. The first reference genome sequence of pea was published in 2019 and provides insights on the distribution and architecture of gene families associated with disease resistance. Furthermore, the genome sequence is a resource for anchoring genetic linkage maps, markers identified in multiple studies, identification of candidate genes, and functional genomics studies. The available pea genomic resources and the potential application of genomic technologies for development of disease-resistant cultivars with improved agronomic profile will be discussed, along with the current status of the arising improved pea germplasm.

中文翻译：

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基因组技术在豌豆真菌和卵菌病抗性育种中的潜在应用

在世界不同地区，豌豆作物的生长和产量受到各种真菌病害的严重影响，包括根腐病、子囊枯病、白粉病和锈病。常规育种方法已导致宿主植物在适应的栽培种中增强对这些疾病的抗性，这是最大程度地减少产量损失的主要选择。为了支持标记辅助选择的育种计划，基于 SSR 和 SNP 标记，已经进行了几次成功的尝试来检测与抗病性相关的遗传位点。近年来，新一代测序平台的进步以及由此带来的高通量和经济基因分型方法的改进，已被用于在这些基因座的鉴定方面取得快速进展。豌豆的第一个参考基因组序列于 2019 年发表，提供了与抗病性相关基因家族分布和结构的见解。此外，基因组序列是锚定遗传连锁图、多项研究中鉴定的标记、候选基因鉴定和功能基因组学研究的资源。将讨论可用的豌豆基因组资源和基因组技术在开发具有改良农艺学特征的抗病品种方面的潜在应用，以及出现的改良豌豆种质的现状。候选基因的鉴定和功能基因组学研究。将讨论可用的豌豆基因组资源和基因组技术在开发具有改良农艺学特征的抗病品种方面的潜在应用，以及出现的改良豌豆种质的现状。候选基因的鉴定和功能基因组学研究。将讨论可用的豌豆基因组资源和基因组技术在开发具有改良农艺学特征的抗病品种方面的潜在应用，以及出现的改良豌豆种质的现状。