Firearms present a significant risk of intimate partner homicide (IPH) among women in the United States, and Black women continue to be overrepresented among IPH fatalities. State-level firearm restrictions for individuals under domestic violence restraining orders (DVRO) and firearm restrictions for those convicted of violent misdemeanor crimes are associated with reductions in IPH. To receive these protections, individuals must engage with the civil or criminal justice system. While access to, and engagement with, these systems may differ between Black and White populations, research has yet to examine the impact of these firearm restriction laws on IPH by racial group.

We conducted pooled, cross-sectional, time-series analyses to examine the association of selected firearm restriction laws on IPH by the race of the victims, from 1981 to 2013 for 45 states in the United States.

State-level DVRO firearm restrictions were associated with reductions in IPH in the White population only. The inclusion of relinquishment provisions in state DVRO firearm laws is associated with an 11% reduction in IPH and a 16% reduction in firearm IPH for White, but not Black, victims. Similarly, laws prohibiting individuals convicted of violent misdemeanors from possessing firearms are associated with a 23% reduction in IPH and a 28% reduction in firearm IPH for White victims only. The federal DVRO firearm restriction law is associated with a 27% reduction in state-level IPH and a 28% reduction in firearm IPH for Black, but not White, victims.

Firearm restriction laws may have a limited impact on IPH in Black populations. Future research should examine the factors behind the differential estimated impact of these laws by the race of the victims.

枪支在美国女性中构成亲密伴侣杀人 (IPH) 的重大风险，而黑人女性在 IPH 死亡人数中的比例仍然过高。对家庭暴力限制令 (DVRO) 下的个人的州级枪支限制和对被判犯有暴力轻罪的人的枪支限制与 IPH 的减少有关。要获得这些保护，个人必须参与民事或刑事司法系统。虽然黑人和白人对这些系统的访问和参与可能有所不同，但研究尚未按种族检验这些枪支限制法对 IPH 的影响。

We conducted pooled, cross-sectional, time-series analyses to examine the association of selected firearm restriction laws on IPH by the race of the victims, from 1981 to 2013 for 45 states in the United States.

州级 DVRO 枪支限制仅与白人人群 IPH 的减少有关。在州 DVRO 枪支法中纳入放弃条款与白人受害者的 IPH 减少 11% 和枪支 IPH 减少 16% 相关，但黑人受害者没有。同样，禁止被判犯有暴力轻罪的个人拥有枪支的法律仅与白人受害者的 IPH 减少 23% 和枪支 IPH 减少 28% 相关。联邦 DVRO 枪支限制法与州级 IPH 减少 27% 和黑人受害者枪支 IPH 减少 28% 相关，但不是白人受害者。

枪支限制法可能对黑人人群的 IPH 影响有限。未来的研究应该检查这些法律对受害者种族的不同估计影响背后的因素。