Tsunami and storm deposits can be utilized for estimating inundation zones and recurrence intervals of extreme waves in modern, historic, and prehistoric times. However, the distribution of these deposits is extremely complex and affected by various factors such as the size of the waves, topography, bathymetry, and the supply of sediment and its properties. Here, we use numerical computations to identify the key factors affecting the inundation extent of tsunamis and storm waves, and which subsequently govern the distribution of the corresponding coastal sand deposits. The results demonstrate that the overall topography slope has the most significant impact on the inundation extent of tsunamis and storm waves and subsequently the inland distribution distance of the transported deposits. The existence of onshore sediment sources is crucial for estimating the maximum extent of storm deposits because only a limited amount of sediment is carried inland by the storm waves. In contrast, the presence of onshore sediment sources is less critical for the delineation of the maximum distribution envelope of tsunami deposits compared to other parameters. The parameters that mainly control the sediment deposit volume over land under tsunami and storm wave conditions are the grain size and wave height, respectively. Our computed results are summarized using the Dean number, Shields number, and Iribarren number showing an inter-connectivity between topography, input wave characteristic, and onshore distributions of both types of deposits. Despite some simplifications, this approach can efficiently lead to an identification and reconstruction of past catastrophic wave events.

中文翻译：

---

基于数值计算从海啸和风暴波中识别沿海砂矿

海啸和风暴沉积物可用于估计现代、历史和史前时期极端波浪的淹没区和复发间隔。然而，这些沉积物的分布极其复杂，受海浪大小、地形、水深、沉积物供应及其性质等多种因素的影响。在这里，我们使用数值计算来确定影响海啸和风暴波淹没程度的关键因素，并随后控制相应的沿海砂沉积物的分布。结果表明，整体地形坡度对海啸和风暴波的淹没程度影响最显着，其次是运输沉积物的内陆分布距离。陆上沉积物源的存在对于估计风暴沉积的最大范围至关重要，因为风暴波只将有限量的沉积物带到内陆。相比之下，与其他参数相比，陆上沉积物来源的存在对于描绘海啸沉积物的最大分布包络线的重要性较低。在海啸和风暴波条件下，主要控制陆地沉积物体积的参数分别是颗粒大小和波高。我们的计算结果使用 Dean 数、Shields 数和 Iribarren 数进行总结，显示了两种类型沉积物的地形、输入波特征和陆上分布之间的相互联系。尽管做了一些简化，