Unchosen transformative experiences—transformative experiences that are imposed upon an agent by external circumstances—present a fundamental problem for agency: how does one act intentionally in circumstances that transform oneself as an agent, and that disrupt one’s core projects, cares, or goals? Drawing from William James’s analysis of conversion (1917) and Matthew Ratcliffe’s account of grief (2018), I give a phenomenological analysis of transformative experiences as involving the restructuring of systems of practical meaning. On this analysis, an agent’s experience of the world is structured by practically significant possibilities that form organized systems on the basis of the agent’s projects and relationships. Transformative experiences involve shifts to systems of possibility, that is, changes to habitual meanings and to how an agent’s projects are situated in relation to one another. I employ the enactivist notion of sense-making to analyze how an agent rebuilds the meaning structures disrupted by a transformative experience. In an unchosen transformative experience, an agent adjusts to a significant disruption through a process of sense-making in precarious conditions. By establishing new patterns of bodily and social interaction with the world, one alters the practical meanings of one’s surroundings, and thereby reconstitutes oneself as an intentional agent.

未选择的变革性体验——外部环境强加给代理人的变革性体验——为代理人提出了一个基本问题：一个人如何在将自己转变为代理人并破坏一个人的核心项目、关心或目标的情况下有意识地采取行动？借鉴威廉詹姆斯对皈依的分析（1917 年）和马修拉特克利夫对悲伤的描述（2018 年），我对变革性经验进行了现象学分析，包括对实际意义系统的重构。在这种分析中，代理人的世界体验是由实际重要的可能性构成的，这些可能性在代理人的项目和关系的基础上形成有组织的系统。变革性体验涉及向可能性系统的转变，也就是说，习惯意义的变化以及代理人的项目如何相对于彼此定位。我采用生成主义的意义构建概念来分析代理如何重建被变革性体验破坏的意义结构。在未经选择的变革体验中，代理人通过在不稳定条件下的意义构建过程来适应重大破坏。通过与世界建立新的身体和社会互动模式，一个人改变了周围环境的实际意义，从而将自己重新构建为一个有意识的代理人。智能体通过在不稳定条件下的感知过程来适应重大中断。通过与世界建立新的身体和社会互动模式，一个人改变了周围环境的实际意义，从而将自己重新构建为一个有意识的代理人。智能体通过在不稳定条件下的感知过程来适应重大中断。通过与世界建立新的身体和社会互动模式，一个人改变了周围环境的实际意义，从而将自己重新构建为一个有意识的代理人。