From a feminist institutionalist perspective, this article engages in a comparative analysis of South Africa, one of the only post-transition democracies where women organized as a distinct interest group representing gender interests were able to negotiate and gain access to political power, and India, where women’s participation was predominantly as ‘nationalist women’. It argues that constitution drafting is a decisive critical juncture when descriptive representation can be translated very effectively into the substantive representation of women as equal citizens, provided women qua women and as gender-conscious agents are able to intervene to promote the cause of their effective political participation.

从女权主义制度主义的角度来看，本文对南非进行了比较分析，南非是唯一的转型后民主国家之一，其中妇女作为代表性别利益的独特利益集团能够进行谈判并获得政治权力，而印度，妇女的参与主要是作为“民族主义妇女”。它认为，宪法起草是一个决定性的关键时刻，当描述性代表可以非常有效地转化为妇女作为平等公民的实质性代表时，前提是妇女作为妇女和具有性别意识的代理人能够进行干预以促进其有效的政治事业。参与。