Electrochemical capacitors, also called supercapacitors (SCs), have been gaining a more significant position as electrochemical energy storage devices in recent years. They are energy storage devices with a considerable power density, a satisfactory energy density and a long-life cycle, suitable for a large number of applications. The further development of these devices relies on providing suitable, low-cost, environmentally friendly, and abundant materials for use as the active materials in the electrodes. Among the current materials used, activated carbons have a superior performance. Their excellent electrochemical performance, high specific surface area, high adsorption, tunable surface chemistry, fast ion/electron transport, abundant functional moieties, low cost, and abundance have made them promising candidates as SC electrodes. These advantages can be enhanced if the activated carbons are prepared from biomass precursors. Recently, scientists have focused on biomass because it is abundant and renewable, low cost, simply processed, and environmentally friendly. The fundamentals of SCs as an electrochemical energy storage device are discussed and biomass from various sources is categorized and introduced. Finally, the activation techniques for these biomass precursors and their use as electrode materials for SCs are discussed.

电化学电容器，也称为超级电容器 (SCs)，近年来作为电化学储能装置获得了更重要的地位。它们是具有相当大的功率密度、令人满意的能量密度和长寿命周期的储能装置，适用于大量应用。这些器件的进一步发展依赖于提供合适的、低成本的、环境友好的、丰富的材料作为电极中的活性材料。在目前使用的材料中，活性炭具有优越的性能。它们优异的电化学性能、高比表面积、高吸附性、可调节的表面化学、快速的离子/电子传输、丰富的功能部分、低成本和丰富性使它们成为有希望的 SC 电极候选者。如果活性炭是由生物质前体制备的，则可以增强这些优势。最近，科学家们将重点放在生物质上，因为它丰富且可再生、成本低、加工简单且对环境友好。讨论了 SCs 作为电化学储能装置的基本原理，并对来自各种来源的生物质进行了分类和介绍。最后，讨论了这些生物质前体的活化技术及其作为 SCs 电极材料的用途。讨论了 SCs 作为电化学储能装置的基本原理，并对来自各种来源的生物质进行了分类和介绍。最后，讨论了这些生物质前体的活化技术及其作为 SCs 电极材料的用途。讨论了 SCs 作为电化学储能装置的基本原理，并对各种来源的生物质进行了分类和介绍。最后，讨论了这些生物质前体的活化技术及其作为 SCs 电极材料的用途。