Sawmilling operations represent one of the most important phases of the wood supply chain, because they connect the conversion flow of raw materials into finite products. In order to maintain a high volume of processed wood, sawmills usually adopt different processing strategies in terms of equipment and methods, which can increase the value or volume of the lumber produced from logs. In this study, the performance of small-scale sawmilling operations was monitored, whilst also evaluating the exposure of workers to harmful factors. An assessment of time consumption, productivity, and main ergonomics was conducted during the use of a manually driven bandsaw. In addition, the exposure to noise was investigated to complement the knowledge in this regard. The results indicated a rather high time utilization in productive tasks, which may come at the expense of exposure to noise and to poor working postures. The modelling approach resulted in statistically significant time consumption models for different phases (blade adjustment, effective sawing, returning, unloading lumber, and loading and fixing lumber). The exposure to noise was close to 92 dB (A) (8 h) and, therefore, the level of emitted noise is likely to depend on the condition of the used blades, species sawn and on the dimensional characteristics of the logs. In terms of ergonomic risks, the poorest postures were those related to tasks such as moving the logs, loading the logs, fixing the logs, rotating and removing the logs, as well as unloading the lumber.

中文翻译：

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小型锯木厂的性能：手动带锯的时间消耗、生产率和主要人体工程学的案例研究

锯木厂是木材供应链中最重要的阶段之一，因为它们将原材料转化为有限的产品。为了保持大量加工木材，锯木厂通常在设备和方法方面采用不同的加工策略，这可以增加原木生产的木材的价值或数量。在这项研究中，对小规模锯木厂的绩效进行了监测，同时还评估了工人接触有害因素的情况。在手动驱动带锯的使用过程中，对时间消耗、生产力和主要人体工程学进行了评估。此外，还调查了噪声暴露情况，以补充这方面的知识。结果表明生产任务的时间利用率相当高，这可能以暴露于噪音和不良工作姿势为代价。该建模方法为不同阶段（刀片调整、有效锯切、返回、卸载木材以及装载和固定木材）生成了具有统计意义的时间消耗模型。噪声暴露接近 92 dB (A)（8 小时），因此，发出的噪声水平可能取决于所用刀片的状况、锯切种类和原木的尺寸特征。在人体工程学风险方面，最糟糕的姿势是与诸如移动原木、装载原木、固定原木、旋转和移除原木以及卸载木材等任务相关的姿势。该建模方法为不同阶段（刀片调整、有效锯切、返回、卸载木材以及装载和固定木材）生成了具有统计意义的时间消耗模型。噪音暴露接近 92 dB (A) (8 小时)，因此，发出的噪音水平可能取决于所用刀片的状况、锯切种类和原木的尺寸特征。在人体工程学风险方面，最糟糕的姿势是与诸如移动原木、装载原木、固定原木、旋转和移除原木以及卸载木材等任务相关的姿势。该建模方法为不同阶段（刀片调整、有效锯切、返回、卸载木材以及装载和固定木材）生成了具有统计意义的时间消耗模型。噪音暴露接近 92 dB (A) (8 小时)，因此，发出的噪音水平可能取决于所用刀片的状况、锯切种类和原木的尺寸特征。在人体工程学风险方面，最糟糕的姿势是与诸如移动原木、装载原木、固定原木、旋转和移除原木以及卸载木材等任务相关的姿势。发出的噪音水平可能取决于所用刀片的状况、锯切种类和原木的尺寸特征。在人体工程学风险方面，最糟糕的姿势是与诸如移动原木、装载原木、固定原木、旋转和移除原木以及卸载木材等任务相关的姿势。发出的噪音水平可能取决于所用刀片的状况、锯切种类和原木的尺寸特征。在人体工程学风险方面，最糟糕的姿势是与诸如移动原木、装载原木、固定原木、旋转和移除原木以及卸载木材等任务相关的姿势。