21st century capitalism undermines health outcomes in myriad ways. Structural economic changes have had negative effects on medical innovation and public health and are poorly aligned with social goals. Key features of the contemporary political economy include both monopoly capitalism, based upon stringent intellectual (IP) protection that suppresses economic competition, and Wall Street capitalism, or financialization, that prioritizes value extraction over value creation to maximize shareholder value. Contemporary trends in the pharmaceutical and medical device industries, digital health, and regulatory change demonstrate some of the negative impacts of 21st century capitalism on public health.

中文翻译：

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21 世纪资本主义与健康创新

21 世纪的资本主义以多种方式破坏了健康结果。结构性经济变化对医疗创新和公共卫生产生了负面影响，并且与社会目标不一致。当代政治经济的主要特征包括垄断资本主义（基于抑制经济竞争的严格知识 (IP) 保护）和华尔街资本主义或金融化，后者将价值提取置于价值创造之上以最大化股东价值。制药和医疗器械行业、数字健康和监管变化的当代趋势证明了 21 世纪资本主义对公共健康的一些负面影响。