Residue analysis in pottery usually concerns habitat or funerary sites. In this work, we have studied 21 vases from the Mines of Gavà (Barcelona, Spain) which constitute the oldest evidence of mining focused on variscite during the IV^th millennium BC. The main objectives are determining the degree of preservation of lipids in this context, identifying the natural substances exploited in the vessels and highlighting pottery use in the day-to-day mining work at this site, as well as establishing if some of the vessels are part of the grave goods from burials in the same mines. The results obtained by combining molecular and isotopic analyses showed that>70% of the containers investigated provided significant amounts of lipids. A wide diversity of organic substances processed comprising animal adipose fats, plants and beeswax was determined. Relationships found between the shape of the vessels and their content highlighted their role in the mining life.

This work not only exposes one of the oldest evidences of the use of beeswax in pottery in the Iberian Peninsula, but also allows us to understand the management of resources in a very specialized archaeological site focused on mining activities.

陶器中的残留物分析通常涉及栖息地或墓地。在这项工作中，我们研究了21个花瓶由加瓦（巴塞罗那，西班牙）构成开采的最古老证据的矿山IV期间专注于铝石^日公元前一千年。主要目标是在这种情况下确定脂质的保存程度，确定容器中开采的天然物质并突出该地点日常采矿工作中的陶器使用，以及确定某些容器是否来自同一矿山墓葬的部分墓葬物品。通过结合分子和同位素分析获得的结果表明，超过 70% 的研究容器提供了大量的脂质。确定了经过加工的各种有机物质，包括动物脂肪、植物和蜂蜡。发现的船只形状与其内容之间的关系突出了它们在采矿生活中的作用。

这项工作不仅揭示了伊比利亚半岛在陶器中使用蜂蜡的最古老证据之一，而且使我们能够了解一个非常专业的考古遗址中的资源管理，该考古遗址专注于采矿活动。