Parental psychiatric morbidity related to experiences of war and trauma has been associated with adverse psychological outcomes for children. The aim of this study was to investigate parental post-traumatic stress in relation to psychiatric care utilization among children of refugees with particular attention on the child’s own refugee status, sex of both child and parents, and specific psychiatric diagnoses. This was a register study in a population of 16 143 adolescents from refugee families in Stockholm County born 1995–2000 and followed between 2011 and 2017 (11–18 years old). Parental post-traumatic stress, identified in three levels of care, was analysed in relation to child and adolescent psychiatric care use. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for duration of residence and demographic and socioeconomic variables. Having a mother with post-traumatic stress was associated with higher psychiatric care utilization, with adjusted HR 2.44 (95% CI 1.90–3.14) among foreign-born refugee children and HR 1.77 (1.33–2.36) among Swedish-born children with refugee parents, with particularly high risks for children with less than five years of residence (HR 4.03; 2.29–7.10) and for diagnoses of anxiety and depression (HR 2.71; 2.11–3.48). Having a father with post-traumatic stress was not associated with increased HRs of psychiatric care utilization. Similar results were seen for boys and girls. Treatment for post-traumatic stress should be made available in refugee reception programmes. These programmes should use a family approach that targets both parents and children.

与战争和创伤经历相关的父母精神病发病率与儿童的不良心理结果有关。本研究的目的是调查父母创伤后应激与难民儿童精神病护理利用的关系，特别关注儿童自身的难民身份、儿童和父母的性别以及特定的精神病诊断。这是一项针对 16143 名来自斯德哥尔摩县难民家庭的青少年的登记研究，这些青少年出生于 1995-2000 年，随访时间为 2011 年至 2017 年（11-18 岁）。父母的创伤后压力，在三个护理级别中确定，分析了与儿童和青少年精神病护理使用的关系。Cox 回归分析用于估计风险比 (HR) 和 95% 置信区间 (CI)，根据居住时间以及人口和社会经济变量进行调整。母亲有创伤后压力与更高的精神病护理利用率相关，外国出生的难民儿童调整后的 HR 为 2.44（95% CI 1.90-3.14），父母为难民的瑞典出生儿童的调整后 HR 为 1.77（1.33-2.36） ，对于居住时间少于五年的儿童 (HR 4.03; 2.29–7.10) 以及诊断为焦虑和抑郁 (HR 2.71; 2.11–3.48) 的风险特别高。父亲有创伤后应激障碍与精神科护理利用的 HR 增加无关。男孩和女孩的结果相似。难民接收方案应提供创伤后压力治疗。这些计划应采用针对父母和儿童的家庭方法。