Abstract This study assessed the reliability of individual differences among fluent adult readers in the effects of four variables - word frequency, predictability, visual contrast, and font difficulty – on eye fixation duration measures, word skipping probability, and regression probability. Split-half reliability was computed in a reanalysis of data from two large, previously published experiments (Staub, 2020) by correlating simple effects in two halves of each experiment (e.g., Hedge, Powell, & Sumner, 2018) and by estimating, in the context of mixed-effects models, a correlation parameter between by-subject slopes for each half (Rouder & Haaf, 2019). The reliability of the effects was generally low, though the second of these methods revealed a few notable exceptions. First, the effects of visual contrast were quite reliable, as expected based on presumed individual differences in contrast sensitivity. Second, the frequency effect on gaze duration was also reliable, but only when raw (as opposed to log) gaze duration was used as the dependent measure. The effect of predictability demonstrated poor reliability for all dependent measures. Model comparison confirmed that model fit was improved by inclusion of by-subject slopes for those effects that showed substantial reliability. These results have implications for the feasibility of studies on individual differences in eye movements in reading, as only experimental effects that demonstrate substantial reliability are good candidates to be explored in individual difference studies.

中文翻译：

---

阅读时眼球运动的个体差异有多可靠？

摘要 本研究评估了流利的成年读者在四个变量——词频、可预测性、视觉对比度和字体难度——对注视持续时间测量、跳词概率和回归概率的影响中个体差异的可靠性。通过将每个实验的两半（例如，Hedge、Powell 和 Sumner，2018）中的简单效应相关联，并通过估计，在重新分析来自先前发表的两个大型实验（Staub，2020）的数据中，计算了分半可靠性混合效应模型的背景，每半个主题斜率之间的相关参数（Rouder & Haaf，2019）。尽管这些方法中的第二种方法揭示了一些显着的例外，但效果的可靠性通常较低。首先，视觉对比的效果相当可靠，正如基于对比敏感度的假定个体差异所预期的那样。其次，频率对凝视持续时间的影响也是可靠的，但只有当原始（而不是对数）凝视持续时间被用作相关测量时。可预测性的影响表明所有相关措施的可靠性都很差。模型比较证实，模型拟合得到了改进，包括那些显示出实质性可靠性的效应的按主题斜率。这些结果对研究阅读中眼球运动的个体差异的可行性具有影响，因为只有证明具有实质性可靠性的实验效果才是在个体差异研究中探索的良好候选者。但仅当原始（而不是日志）凝视持续时间用作相关度量时。可预测性的影响表明所有相关测量的可靠性都很差。模型比较证实，模型拟合得到了改进，包括那些显示出实质性可靠性的效应的按主题斜率。这些结果对研究阅读中眼球运动的个体差异的可行性具有影响，因为只有证明具有实质性可靠性的实验效果才是在个体差异研究中探索的良好候选者。但仅当原始（而不是日志）凝视持续时间用作相关度量时。可预测性的影响表明所有相关措施的可靠性都很差。模型比较证实，模型拟合得到了改进，包括那些显示出实质性可靠性的效应的按主题斜率。这些结果对研究阅读中眼球运动的个体差异的可行性具有影响，因为只有证明具有实质性可靠性的实验效果才是在个体差异研究中探索的良好候选者。模型比较证实，模型拟合得到了改进，包括那些显示出实质性可靠性的效应的按主题斜率。这些结果对研究阅读中眼球运动的个体差异的可行性具有影响，因为只有证明具有实质性可靠性的实验效果才是在个体差异研究中探索的良好候选者。模型比较证实，模型拟合得到了改善，因为对于那些显示出实质性可靠性的影响，包括按主题的斜率。这些结果对研究阅读中眼球运动的个体差异的可行性具有影响，因为只有证明具有实质性可靠性的实验效果才是在个体差异研究中探索的良好候选者。