Objective Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) Follow-Up programs vary in the duration for which they monitor child development and neurocognitive outcomes. This study explores the early predictive value of a widely used developmental measure for intellectual functioning during early childhood to better inform whether there is value added in continued monitoring. Methods Participants were 209 children who had at least two assessments between the ages of 1 and 6 years old as part of NICU Follow-Up clinic. The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III) was administered when children were 1 and 2 years old and the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, Fourth Edition (WPPSI-IV) was administered when children were 3 years and older. Results The Bayley-III at 1 year of age was a significant predictor of Bayley-III performance at age 2. Similarly, Bayley-III at ages 1 year and 2 years were significant predictors of WPPSI-IV performance. Strength of prediction was moderate with the majority of variance unexplained. Exploratory analyses examining whether early developmental abilities as assessed on the Bayley-III could identify patients at risk for poorer WPPSI-IV performance indicated appropriate specificity but inadequate sensitivity. Conclusions This study supports ongoing assessment of children who were born with perinatal complications into at least early childhood. Assessing development only during the infant and toddler years did not sufficiently identify children who went on to have lower cognitive functioning in preschool and the early school years.

中文翻译：

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新生儿重症监护室 (NICU) 随访诊所中发育评估的预测价值

目标 新生儿重症监护病房 (NICU) 随访项目监测儿童发育和神经认知结果的持续时间各不相同。本研究探讨了广泛使用的儿童早期智力功能发育测量的早期预测价值，以更好地了解持续监测是否有附加价值。方法 参与者是 209 名儿童，他们在 NICU 随访诊所接受了至少两次 1 至 6 岁之间的评估。贝利婴幼儿发展量表第三版 (Bayley-III) 在儿童 1 岁和 2 岁时使用，韦克斯勒学前和小学智力量表第四版 (WPPSI-IV) 在儿童 3 岁时使用和更老。结果 1 岁时的 Bayley-III 是 2 岁时 Bayley-III 表现的重要预测因子。同样，1 岁和 2 岁时的 Bayley-III 是 WPPSI-IV 表现的重要预测因子。预测强度适中，大部分方差无法解释。探索性分析检查了在 Bayley-III 上评估的早期发育能力是否可以识别具有较差 WPPSI-IV 表现风险的患者，表明特异性适当但敏感性不足。结论 本研究支持对至少在儿童早期出生时患有围产期并发症的儿童进行持续评估。仅在婴幼儿时期评估发展并不能充分确定在学龄前和学龄早期认知功能较低的儿童。