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Ground Cover Management in Olive Groves Reduces Populations of Philaenus spumarius (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae), Vector of Xylella fastidiosa
Journal of Economic Entomology ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-18 , DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab116
Francesco Sanna 1 , Nicola Mori 2 , Giacomo Santoiemma 1 , Domenico D'Ascenzo 3 , Maria Assunta Scotillo 3 , Lorenzo Marini 1
Affiliation  

Philaenus spumarius (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae) is considered the main vector of Xylella fastidiosa (Wells Raju et al. 1986) (Xathomonadales: Xanthomonadaceae), agent of the Olive Quick Decline Syndrome in Southern Europe. To limit the spread of the disease, it is of primary importance to identify effective control measures against the vector. Besides chemical control, cultural practices could potentially help reducing vector activity and population density. Here, we tested the effectiveness of three different ground cover management practices in controlling vector populations in olive groves in the Abruzzo region (Central Italy). We compared tillage (two tillage operations in spring followed by two cuts in summer), frequent mowing (four cuts from spring to summer) and a control (two cuts in summer) by sampling vectors both in the ground vegetation and in the tree canopy. In late spring, after the peak of the population, tillage reduced P. spumarius density by 60%, while frequent mowing only reduced the density by 20% compared to control plots. The differences tended to disappear with time. The treatments had the same effect on the vector density in both the ground vegetation and tree canopy. The vectors were more concentrated in the ground cover at the beginning of the season while in summer both the canopy and ground vegetation had the same vector density. Our findings suggest that tillage is a viable option for the containment of P. spumarius, as frequent mowing did not achieve sufficient control efficacy.

中文翻译:

橄榄树林的地面覆盖管理减少了小木霉(Xylella fastidiosa)病媒 Philaenus spumarius(半翅目:Aphrophoridae)的种群

Philaenus spumarius (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae) 被认为是 Xylella fastidiosa (Wells Raju et al. 1986) (Xathomonadales: Xanthomonadaceae) 的主要媒介,它是南欧橄榄快速衰退综合症的病原体。为了限制疾病的传播,最重要的是确定针对该病媒的有效控制措施。除了化学控制,文化实践可能有助于减少媒介活动和人口密度。在这里,我们测试了三种不同的地被植物管理实践在控制阿布鲁佐地区(意大利中部)橄榄树林中病媒种群的有效性。我们比较了耕作(春季两次耕作,夏季两次砍伐),通过在地面植被和树冠中采样矢量进行频繁割草(从春季到夏季进行四次切割)和控制(夏季两次切割)。在晚春,在种群高峰期之后,与对照地块相比,耕作使 P. spumarius 密度降低了 60%,而频繁的割草仅使密度降低了 20%。随着时间的推移,差异往往会消失。处理对地面植被和树冠的矢量密度具有相同的影响。在季节开始时,载体更集中在地被植物中,而在夏季,冠层和地面植被具有相同的载体密度。我们的研究结果表明,耕作是遏制 P. spumarius 的可行选择,因为频繁的割草没有达到足够的控制效果。在晚春,在种群高峰期之后,与对照地块相比,耕作使 P. spumarius 密度降低了 60%,而频繁的割草仅使密度降低了 20%。随着时间的推移,差异往往会消失。处理对地面植被和树冠的矢量密度具有相同的影响。在季节开始时,载体更集中在地被植物中,而在夏季,冠层和地面植被具有相同的载体密度。我们的研究结果表明,耕作是遏制 P. spumarius 的可行选择,因为频繁的割草没有达到足够的控制效果。在晚春,在种群高峰期之后,与对照地块相比,耕作使 P. spumarius 密度降低了 60%,而频繁的割草仅使密度降低了 20%。随着时间的推移,差异往往会消失。处理对地面植被和树冠的矢量密度具有相同的影响。在季节开始时,载体更集中在地被植物中,而在夏季,冠层和地面植被具有相同的载体密度。我们的研究结果表明,耕作是遏制 P. spumarius 的可行选择,因为频繁的割草没有达到足够的控制效果。随着时间的推移,差异往往会消失。处理对地面植被和树冠的矢量密度具有相同的影响。在季节开始时,载体更集中在地被植物中,而在夏季,冠层和地面植被具有相同的载体密度。我们的研究结果表明,耕作是遏制 P. spumarius 的可行选择,因为频繁的割草没有达到足够的控制效果。随着时间的推移,差异往往会消失。处理对地面植被和树冠的矢量密度具有相同的影响。在季节开始时,载体更集中在地被植物中,而在夏季,冠层和地面植被具有相同的载体密度。我们的研究结果表明,耕作是遏制 P. spumarius 的可行选择,因为频繁的割草没有达到足够的控制效果。
更新日期:2021-05-18
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