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Cannabinoids in Oral Fluid: Limiting Potential Sources of Cannabidiol Conversion to Δ9- and Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinol
Journal of Analytical Toxicology ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-17 , DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkab074
Cynthia Coulter 1 , Jarrad R Wagner 1
Affiliation  

In late 2019, the National Laboratory Certification Program (NLCP) published an article reporting on the potential analytical conversion of 7-carboxy cannabidiol (CBD-COOH) to 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid (THC-COOH) in urine samples. The same conversion is possible in oral fluid with the parent analyte cannabidiol (CBD) converting to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8-THC) under strong acidic conditions. With the recent rise in states legalizing the use of THC and the availability of products containing only CBD, unless the analytical in vitro conversions are controlled, the detection of Δ9-THC or Δ8-THC in oral fluid may not clarify whether the donor was using a CBD product or licit or illicit THC product. Authentic oral fluid samples submitted for cannabinoid analysis were subjected to multiple sample preparation procedures and extraction methods to determine the conditions that allow CBD to convert to THC. CBD single analyte controls prepared from a certified THC-free source were added to the batch to monitor the rate of conversion. Samples were prepared using a base hydrolysis, solid phase extraction, derivatization and analysis by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS-MS). The base hydrolysis and derivatization were tested independently and did not contribute to the conversion rate. Adjusting the pH of the sample preparation and extraction from pH 2.0 to pH 5.0 changed the conversion rate from 5 to 1%. A pH of 6.0 was not strong enough to extract the cannabinoids efficiently. Removing the acid component of the preparation and extraction procedure eliminated the conversion to THC; however, this did reduce the analyte recovery depending on which extraction column was used. Processing time also contributed to the conversion rate. With smaller trial runs, conversion was not always seen, but with larger validation batches low-level conversion of 1–2% was observed. A fully validated LC–MS-MS method utilizing solid-phase extraction was developed for CBD, Δ9-THC, Δ8-THC and cannabinol. The method specifically targets those analytes found in oral fluid after CBD administration and those that are seen during in vitro CBD conversion. CBD administration was performed using a certified THC-free CBD control.

中文翻译:

口腔液中的大麻素:限制大麻二酚转化为 Δ9- 和 Δ8-四氢大麻酚的潜在来源

2019 年底,国家实验室认证计划 (NLCP) 发表了一篇文章,报告了 7-羧基大麻二酚 (CBD-COOH) 到 11-nor-9-羧基-Δ9-四氢大麻酚-9-羧酸 (THC) 的潜在分析转化率-COOH) 在尿样中。在强酸性条件下,母体分析物大麻二酚 (CBD) 可在口腔液中进行相同的转化,转化为 Δ9-四氢大麻酚 (Δ9-THC) 和 Δ8-四氢大麻酚 (Δ8-THC)。随着最近各州将 THC 的使用合法化以及仅含有 CBD 的产品的可用性的增加,除非对体外分析转换进行控制,否则在口腔液中检测到 Δ9-THC 或 Δ8-THC 可能无法阐明供体是否使用CBD 产品或合法或非法的 THC 产品。提交用于大麻素分析的正宗口腔液样品经过多种样品制备程序和提取方法,以确定允许 CBD 转化为 THC 的条件。将由经认证的无 THC 来源制备的 CBD 单一分析物对照添加到批次中以监测转化率。使用碱水解、固相萃取、衍生化和液相色谱-串联质谱 (LC-MS-MS) 分析制备样品。碱水解和衍生化是独立测试的,对转化率没有贡献。将样品制备和提取的 pH 从 pH 2.0 调整到 pH 5.0,将转化率从 5% 更改为 1%。6.0 的 pH 值不足以有效提取大麻素。去除制备和提取过程中的酸成分消除了向 THC 的转化;但是,这确实会降低分析物的回收率,具体取决于所使用的萃取柱。处理时间也有助于转化率。在较小的试运行中,转化率并不总是可见,但在较大的验证批次中,观察到 1-2% 的低水平转化率。针对 CBD、Δ9-THC、Δ8-THC 和大麻酚开发了一种利用固相萃取的完全验证的 LC-MS-MS 方法。该方法专门针对 CBD 给药后在口腔液中发现的那些分析物以及在体外 CBD 转化过程中发现的那些分析物。使用经过认证的无 THC CBD 控制进行 CBD 管理。这确实会降低分析物的回收率,具体取决于所使用的萃取柱。处理时间也有助于转化率。在较小的试运行中,转化率并不总是可见,但在较大的验证批次中,观察到 1-2% 的低水平转化率。针对 CBD、Δ9-THC、Δ8-THC 和大麻酚开发了一种利用固相萃取的完全验证的 LC-MS-MS 方法。该方法专门针对 CBD 给药后在口腔液中发现的那些分析物以及在体外 CBD 转化过程中发现的那些分析物。使用经过认证的无 THC CBD 控制进行 CBD 管理。这确实会降低分析物的回收率,具体取决于所使用的萃取柱。处理时间也有助于转化率。在较小的试运行中,转化率并不总是可见,但在较大的验证批次中,观察到 1-2% 的低水平转化率。针对 CBD、Δ9-THC、Δ8-THC 和大麻酚开发了一种利用固相萃取的完全验证的 LC-MS-MS 方法。该方法专门针对 CBD 给药后在口腔液中发现的那些分析物以及在体外 CBD 转化过程中发现的那些分析物。使用经过认证的无 THC CBD 控制进行 CBD 管理。针对 CBD、Δ9-THC、Δ8-THC 和大麻酚开发了一种利用固相萃取的完全验证的 LC-MS-MS 方法。该方法专门针对 CBD 给药后在口腔液中发现的那些分析物以及在体外 CBD 转化过程中发现的那些分析物。使用经过认证的无 THC CBD 控制进行 CBD 管理。针对 CBD、Δ9-THC、Δ8-THC 和大麻酚开发了一种利用固相萃取的完全验证的 LC-MS-MS 方法。该方法专门针对 CBD 给药后在口腔液中发现的那些分析物以及在体外 CBD 转化过程中发现的那些分析物。使用经过认证的无 THC CBD 控制进行 CBD 管理。
更新日期:2021-06-17
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