It is shown that, when a high-power laser beam propagates from the ground through the atmosphere to space orbits, there is an optimal beam power that maximizes the target intensity due to self-focusing effect in the atmosphere, even if the atmospheric extinction exists. The B integral is an important parameter to describe self-focusing effect quantitatively. It is found that the value of B integral corresponding to optimal beam power is a constant. Based on this characteristic of the optimal B integral and the concept of the equivalent atmospheric extinction coefficient proposed in this paper, we derive the analytical formula of the optimal beam power, which presents an effective design rule to optimize the target intensity. In addition, it is shown that the optimal beam power increases as the initial beam radius, the wavelength, the atmospheric extinction coefficient, and the aerosol scale height increase.

结果表明，当一束高功率激光束从地面穿过大气层传播到太空轨道时，即使存在大气消光，由于大气中的自聚焦效应，存在一个使目标强度最大化的最佳光束功率。 . 的乙积分来定量描述自聚焦效应的一个重要参数。发现最佳光束功率对应的B积分值是一个常数。基于这个特性的最优B结合本文提出的等效大气消光系数的概念，推导出最优光束功率的解析公式，为优化目标强度提供了有效的设计规则。此外，还表明最佳光束功率随着初始光束半径、波长、大气消光系数和气溶胶标高的增加而增加。