Satellite communication is attracting increasing attention owing to its freedom from geographical constraints. However, its spectrum resources are limited, and it is susceptible to interferences. Therefore, cognitive radio technology can be used to detect and prevent interferences as well as improve spectrum utilization. To improve the spectrum sensing performance, an angle reciprocity-based spectrum sensing (ARSS) scheme is proposed in this study. The scheme exploits the reciprocity between the known beam’s central angle and the unknown signal’s arrival angle, with the reciprocity controlled by the narrow characteristic of the satellite’s beam owing to long-distance propagation. In this scheme, we use the beam’s central angle instead of the signal’s actual angle to process the received signal, and then the processed data are used as the sensing statistics for spectrum sensing. The simulation results show that the proposed ARSS scheme exhibits better satellite spectral sensing performance compared with the energy detector (ED).

卫星通信由于不受地域限制而受到越来越多的关注。但其频谱资源有限，易受干扰。因此，认知无线电技术可用于检测和预防干扰以及提高频谱利用率。为了提高频谱感知性能，本研究提出了一种基于角度互易的频谱感知（ARSS）方案。该方案利用了已知波束中心角和未知信号到达角的互易性，该互易性受卫星波束长距离传播的窄特性控制。在这个方案中，我们使用波束的中心角而不是信号的实际角度来处理接收到的信号，然后将处理后的数据作为频谱感知的感知统计量。仿真结果表明，与能量检测器（ED）相比，所提出的 ARSS 方案表现出更好的卫星光谱传感性能。