Oceanic dimethyl sulfide (DMS) emissions have been recognized as a biological regulator of climate by contributing to cloud formation. Despite decades of research, the climatic role of DMS remains ambiguous largely because of limited observational evidence for DMS-induced cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) enhancement. Here, we report concurrent measurement of DMS, physiochemical properties of aerosol particles, and CCN in the Arctic atmosphere during the phytoplankton bloom period of 2010. We encountered multiple episodes of new particle formation (NPF) and particle growth when DMS mixing ratios were both low and high. The growth of particles to sizes at which they can act as CCN accelerated in response to an increase in atmospheric DMS. Explicitly, the sequential increase in all relevant parameters (including the source rate of condensable vapor, the growth rate of particles, Aitken mode particles, hygroscopicity, and CCN) was pronounced at the DMS-derived NPF and particle growth events. This field study unequivocally demonstrates the previously unconfirmed roles of DMS in the growth of particles into climate-relevant size and eventual CCN activation.

中文翻译：

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二甲基硫醚导致北极大气中云凝结核的增加

海洋二甲基硫醚 (DMS) 排放物通过促进云的形成而被认为是气候的生物调节剂。尽管进行了数十年的研究，但 DMS 的气候作用仍然不明确，主要是因为 DMS 诱导的云凝结核 (CCN) 增强的观测证据有限。在这里，我们报告了 2010 年浮游植物大量繁殖期间北极大气中 DMS、气溶胶颗粒的理化特性和 CCN 的同时测量。当 DMS 混合比率较低时，我们遇到了多次新颗粒形成 (NPF) 和颗粒生长的情况和高。随着大气 DMS 的增加，颗粒生长到可以充当 CCN 的尺寸会加速。明确地，所有相关参数（包括可冷凝蒸汽的源速率，粒子的生长速率、艾特肯模式粒子、吸湿性和 CCN）在 DMS 衍生的 NPF 和粒子生长事件中是显着的。这项实地研究明确地证明了 DMS 在粒子生长到与气候相关的大小和最终 CCN 激活中的先前未经证实的作用。