Aiming at preventing frequently occurred coupler jack-knifing in slave control locomotives of 20,000-tonne heavy-haul trains, a theoretical and experimental research on enhancing the coupler stability has been carried out. Field tests are conducted to ascertain the load characteristics of the slave control locomotive, and the coupler stability mechanism of the locomotive is studied. A dynamic simulation model considering the locomotive, adjacent wagons, and attached coupling devices is established and validated. Based on the model, countermeasures for improving the coupler stability are studied. The field test results indicate that: 1) the slave control locomotives suffer from sustained compressive forces less than 1500kN at the braking stage of cycle braking, while the maximum short-term impact force at the release stage exceeds 2000kN; 2) The coupler jack-knifing mostly occurs at the braking stage, and the yaw angles of the middle couplers are larger than the front and rear couplers. According to the theoretical analysis and dynamic simulation results, the coupler stability can be improved by increasing the stiffness of secondary lateral bump stops and reducing its clearance. Moreover, the proposed countermeasure of setting up lateral bump stop to locomotive couplers is proved to be effective to prevent the coupler jack-knifing.

针对20000吨重载列车从控机车频繁发生的车钩千斤顶问题，开展了提高车钩稳定性的理论和试验研究。通过现场试验确定了从控机车的载荷特性，研究了机车车钩的稳定性机理。建立并验证了考虑机车、相邻货车和附加耦合装置的动态仿真模型。基于该模型，研究了提高耦合器稳定性的对策。现场试验结果表明：1）从控机车在循环制动的制动阶段承受的持续压缩力小于1500kN，而释放阶段的最大短时冲击力超过2000kN；2）车钩千斤顶多发生在制动阶段，中间车钩偏航角大于前后车钩。根据理论分析和动力学仿真结果，可以通过增加二次侧向挡块的刚度和减小其间隙来提高车钩的稳定性。此外，提出的在机车车钩上设置横向挡块的对策被证明是有效的，以防止车钩千斤顶。