Abstract

Sulfur is present in crude oil and petroleum products in the form of various compounds: mercaptans, hydrogen sulfide, sulfides, disulfides, thiophene derivatives, high-molecular-mass heterocyclic compounds, etc. The content of elemental sulfur in petroleum feedstock is low (up to 0.1%). Sulfur negatively affects the service and transportation properties of oil; therefore, the content of sulfur compounds in petroleum products and commercial oil is strictly limited. Numerous methods are used today for removing sulfur compounds from petroleum feedstock, such as hydrotreating, bio- and oxidative desulfurization, extraction, including supercritical fluid extraction, adsorption, alkylation, etc. This review deals with the use of extraction methods for treating petroleum feedstock to remove various sulfur-containing compounds. Particular attention is paid to papers dealing with the use of cheap and available polar organic solvents and inorganic chemicals for removing sulfur and its compounds both from model solutions and from crude oils and petroleum fractions. Also, search for new “green” solvents such as ionic liquids and eutectic mixtures, allowing removal of sulfur compounds from crude oil, shows promise. As a rule, complete removal of sulfur-containing compounds from oil samples by extraction requires a multistep extraction process.

中文翻译：

---

原油和石油产品中脱硫及其化合物的提取方法

摘要

硫以多种化合物的形式存在于原油和石油产品中：硫醇、硫化氢、硫化物、二硫化物、噻吩衍生物、高分子杂环化合物等。 石油原料中元素硫含量低（高达0.1%）。硫对石油的使用和运输性能有负面影响；因此，石油产品和商品油中硫化合物的含量受到严格限制。目前有多种方法用于从石油原料中去除硫化合物，例如加氢处理、生物脱硫和氧化脱硫、萃取，包括超临界流体萃取、吸附、烷基化等。 本综述涉及使用萃取方法处理石油原料以去除各种含硫化合物。特别关注使用廉价和可用的极性有机溶剂和无机化学品从模型溶液和原油和石油馏分中去除硫及其化合物的论文。此外，寻找新的“绿色”溶剂，如离子液体和低共熔混合物，以去除原油中的硫化合物，显示出前景。通常，通过萃取从油样中完全去除含硫化合物需要多步萃取过程。允许从原油中去除硫化合物，显示出前景。通常，通过萃取从油样中完全去除含硫化合物需要多步萃取过程。允许从原油中去除硫化合物，显示出前景。通常，通过萃取从油样中完全去除含硫化合物需要多步萃取过程。