Brachial plexus injury is a lesion that results in loss of function of the arm, and there are multiple ways of surgically approaching its treatment. Controlled trials that compare all surgical repair strategies and their clinical outcomes have not been performed. A systematic review was conducted to identify all articles that reported clinical outcomes in different surgeries (nerve transfer, nerve graft, neurolysis, end-to-end, multiple interventions, and others). Advanced search in PubMed was performed using the Mesh terms “brachial plexus injury” as the main topic and “surgery” as a subtopic, obtaining a total of 2153 articles. The clinical data for eligibility extraction was focused on collecting motor, sensory, pain, and functional recovery. A statistical analysis was performed to find the superior surgical techniques in terms of motor recovery, through the assessment of heterogeneity between groups, and of relationships between surgery and motor recovery. The frequency and the manner in which clinical outcomes are recording were described. The differences that correspond to the demographics and procedural factors were not statistically significant among groups (p > 0.05). Neurolysis showed the highest proportion of motor recovery (85.18%), with significant results between preoperative and post-operative motor assessment (p = 0.028). The proportion of motor recovery in each group according to the surgical approach differed significantly (X² = 82.495, p = 0.0001). The motor outcome was the most reported clinical outcome (97.56%), whereas the other clinical outcomes were reported in less than 15% of the included articles. Unexpectedly, neurolysis, a technique displaced by new surgical alternatives such as nerve transfer/graft, demonstrated the highest proportion of motor recovery. Clinical outcomes such as pain, sensory, and functional recovery were infrequently reported. These results introduce the need to re-evaluate neurolysis through comparative clinical trials, as well as to standardize the way in which clinical outcomes are reported.

臂丛神经损伤是一种导致手臂功能丧失的病变，有多种手术方法可以治疗。尚未进行比较所有手术修复策略及其临床结果的对照试验。进行了系统评价，以确定所有报告不同手术（神经转移、神经移植、神经溶解、端到端、多种干预等）临床结果的文章。在 PubMed 中进行高级搜索，使用 Mesh 术语“臂丛神经损伤”作为主要主题，“外科”作为副主题，共获得 2153 篇文章。资格提取的临床数据侧重于收集运动、感觉、疼痛和功能恢复。通过评估组间的异质性以及手术与运动恢复之间的关系，进行了一项统计分析，以发现在运动恢复方面的优越手术技术。描述了记录临床结果的频率和方式。与人口统计学和程序因素相对应的差异在组间没有统计学意义（p  > 0.05)。神经松解术的运动恢复比例最高（85.18%），术前和术后运动评估结果显着（p  = 0.028）。根据手术方式，各组运动恢复的比例差异显着（X ²  = 82.495，p = 0.0001)。运动结果是报告最多的临床结果（97.56%），而其他临床结果在不到 15% 的纳入文章中报告。出乎意料的是，神经松解术（一种被神经移植/移植等新手术替代方法取代的技术）表现出最高比例的运动恢复。很少报告临床结果，如疼痛、感觉和功能恢复。这些结果引入了通过比较临床试验重新评估神经松解的必要性，以及标准化临床结果报告的方式。