Potato is one of the most important food crops worldwide, contributing key nutrients to the human diet. Plant hormones act as vital switchers in the regulation of various aspects of developmental and growth stages in potato. Due to the broad impacts of hormones on many developmental processes, their role in potato growth and developmental stages has been investigated. This review presents a description of hormonal basic pathways, various interconnections between hormonal network and reciprocal relationships, and clarification of molecular events underlying potato growth. In the last decade, new findings have emerged regarding their function during sprout development, vegetative growth, tuber initiation, tuber development, and maturation in potato. Hormones can control the regulation of various aspects of growth and development in potato, either individually or in combination with other hormones. The molecular characterization of interplay between cytokinins (CKs), abscisic acid (ABA), and auxin and/or gibberellins (GAs) during tuber formation requires further undertaking. Recently, new evidences regarding the relative functions of hormones during various stages and an intricate network of several hormones controlling potato tuber formation are emerging. Although some aspects of their functions are widely covered, remarkable breaks in our knowledge and insights yet exist in the regulation of hormonal networks and their interactions during different stages of growth and various aspects of tuber formation. The present review focuses on the relative roles of hormones during various developmental stages with a view to recognize their mechanisms of function in potato tuber development. For better insight, relevant evidences available on hormonal interaction during tuber development in other species are also described. We predict that the present review highlights some of the conceptual developments in the interplay of hormones and their associated downstream events influencing tuber formation.

中文翻译：

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植物激素：马铃薯发育和生长阶段的植物转换因子


马铃薯是世界上最重要的粮食作物之一，为人类饮食提供关键营养素。植物激素在马铃薯发育和生长阶段的各个方面的调节中起着重要的转换作用。由于激素对许多发育过程具有广泛的影响，因此对其在马铃薯生长和发育阶段中的作用进行了研究。这篇综述描述了激素的基本途径、激素网络和相互关系之间的各种相互联系，并阐明了马铃薯生长的分子事件。在过去的十年中，关于它们在马铃薯芽发育、营养生长、块茎萌发、块茎发育和成熟过程中的功能的新发现已经出现。激素可以单独或与其他激素联合控制马铃薯生长和发育的各个方面。块茎形成过程中细胞分裂素 (CK)、脱落酸 (ABA) 和生长素和/或赤霉素 (GA) 之间相互作用的分子特征需要进一步研究。最近，关于激素在不同阶段的相对功能以及控制马铃薯块茎形成的几种激素的复杂网络的新证据正在出现。尽管其功能的某些方面已被广泛涵盖，但我们的知识和见解在激素网络的调节及其在不同生长阶段和块茎形成的各个方面的相互作用方面仍然存在显着突破。本综述重点关注激素在不同发育阶段的相对作用，以期认识它们在马铃薯块茎发育中的功能机制。 为了更好地了解，还描述了其他物种块茎发育过程中激素相互作用的相关证据。我们预测本综述强调了激素相互作用及其影响块茎形成的相关下游事件的一些概念发展。