In vitro haploid production followed by chromosome doubling greatly enhances the production of complete homozygous wheat lines in a single generation. This work aimed to develop wheat doubled haploid genetic stock resistant to yellow and brown rust via intergeneric hybridization with Imperata cylindrica and its further characterization. The wheat doubled haploid (DH) line was developed by crossing wheat F₁ (HS 542/China 84-40,022) with I. cylindrica. This DH-1 was tested against eight races of yellow (110S119, 110S247, 238S119, 78S84, 110S84, 111S68, T and P) and eighteen races of brown rust (11,12-5, 12-7, 12A, 77, 77-1, 77-2, 77-5, 77-7, 77-8, 77-10, 77A-1, 104-2, 107-1, 108-1, 162-1, 77-9 and 104-1) at seedling stage and with mix race of yellow and brown rust in adult plant stage (at Dhaulakuan, Bajaura and Shimla). At the seedling stage, DH-1 showed resistance to all the yellow and brown rust pathotypes except for 77-5 race of brown rust. The adult plant response of this DH line also showed resistance to both yellow and brown rust. Based on host pathogen interaction, the DH-1 was postulated to carry leaf rust resistant genes Lr26 + Lr23 + 1 + and yellow rust resistant gene Yr9 + gene. Molecular characterization of the DH line with gene-specific primers showed that the developed DH-1 contains leaf rust resistance genes Lr34, Lr26 and Lr32. The DH-1 has semi-spreading growth habit, erect flag leaf attitude, plant height of 94 cm, have scurs and 1000 grain weight of 36 g. The results highlight I. cylindrica-mediated chromosome elimination technique of doubled haploid production as an effective tool for the development of wheat rust resistant lines in the shortest timeframe. This is the first report of genetic stock development for rust resistance in wheat via I. cylindrica-mediated DH technique.

体外单倍体生产和染色体加倍极大地提高了单代中完整纯合小麦品系的生产。这项工作旨在通过与白茅根的属间杂交及其进一步表征，开发抗黄锈病和褐锈病的小麦双单倍体遗传种群。小麦双单倍体 (DH) 系是通过小麦 F ₁ (HS 542/China 84-40,022) 与I. cylindrica杂交开发的。此 DH-1 已针对 8 个黄色种族（110S119、110S247、238S119、78S84、110S84、111S68、T和P）和 18 个褐锈种族（11,12-5、12-7、712A -1、77-2、77-5、77-7、77-8、77-10、77A-1、104-2、107-1、108-1、162-1、77-9和 1 04-1 ) 在幼苗期和在成株期（在 Dhaulakuan、Bajaura 和 Shimla）具有黄锈病和棕锈病的混合种。在苗期，DH-1对除77-5种褐锈病外的所有黄锈病和褐锈病都表现出抗性。该 DH 品系的成年植株反应也显示出对黄锈病和褐锈病的抗性。基于宿主病原体相互作用，假设DH-1携带叶锈病抗性基因Lr26  +  Lr23  + 1 + 和黄锈病抗性基因Yr9  + 基因。用基因特异性引物对 DH 品系进行分子表征表明，开发的 DH-1 含有叶锈病抗性基因Lr34、Lr26和Lr32. DH-1具有半展播生长习性，旗叶直立，株高94厘米，有短穗，千粒重36克。结果突出了I. cylindrica介导的双单倍体生产染色体消除技术是在最短的时间内开发小麦抗锈病系的有效工具。这是通过I. cylindrica介导的 DH 技术开发小麦抗锈病基因库的第一份报告。