Wireless RF energy transfer for indoor sensors is an emerging paradigm ensuring continuous operation without battery limitations. However, high power radiation within ISM band interferes with packet reception for existing WiFi devices. The paper proposes the first effort in merging RF energy transfer within a standards compliant 802.11 protocol, realizing practical and WiFi-friendly Energy Delivery with Mobile Transmitters (WiFED Mobile). WiFED Mobile architecture is composed of a centralized controller coordinating the actions of multiple energy transmitters (ETs), and deployed sensors that periodically requires charging. The paper first describes 802.11 supported protocol features that can be exploited by sensors to request energy and for ETs to participate in energy transfer. Second, it devises a controller-driven bipartite matching algorithm, assigning appropriate number of ETs to sensors for efficient energy delivery. Thirdly, it detects outlier sensors (OS), which have limited power reception from static ETs and utilizes mobile ETs (METs) to satisfy their charging cycles. The proposed in-band and protocol supported coexistence in WiFED Mobile is validated via simulations and partly in a software defined radio testbed, showing that METs reduce latency by 42% and improve throughput by 83% in scenarios where using only static ETs fails to satisfy charging cycles of OS.

中文翻译：

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WiFED Mobile：通过移动分布式波束成形实现 WiFi 友好的能量传输

用于室内传感器的无线射频能量传输是一种新兴范例，可确保在没有电池限制的情况下连续运行。然而，ISM 频段内的高功率辐射会干扰现有 WiFi 设备的数据包接收。该论文提出了在符合标准的 802.11 协议中合并 RF 能量传输的首次尝试，通过移动发射器 (WiFED Mobile) 实现实用且对 WiFi 友好的能量传输。WiFED 移动架构由一个集中控制器组成，该控制器协调多个能量发射器 (ET) 的动作，并部署了定期需要充电的传感器。该论文首先描述了 802.11 支持的协议特性，传感器可以利用这些特性来请求能量并让 ET 参与能量传输。其次，它设计了一个控制器驱动的二分匹配算法，为传感器分配适当数量的 ET，以实现高效的能量传输。第三，它检测异常值传感器 (OS)，这些传感器从静态 ET 接收的功率有限，并利用移动 ET (MET) 来满足其充电周期。WiFED Mobile 中提议的带内和协议支持的共存通过模拟和部分在软件定义的无线电测试台中得到验证，表明在仅使用静态 ET 无法满足充电的情况下，MET 将延迟减少了 42%，并将吞吐量提高了 83%操作系统的周期。