A rare crucible with an unusually large volume and a pot-shaped bottom was excavated at the Tiversk hillfort (late 13–14th century—1411 AD) in the North-Western Ladoga region (Russia). ICP-MS data showed that the crucible might be attributed to local technical ceramics. Because of its specific volume and shape, which are not typical for crucibles used in non-ferrous metallurgy in medieval Karelia, earlier it had been attributed to the technical ceramics used for the cementation of iron. The present research has revealed tin bronze metal alloy along with copper sulfide minerals recorded on the crucible walls, suggesting it might have been used in non-ferrous metal working. Thermal treatment of the crucible at temperatures above 1050 °C is evidenced by the heterogeneous composition of quartz, the thermal breakdown of biotite, recorded in the temper of the ceramic fabric, and Raman spectra characteristics of hematite.

中文翻译：

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来自中世纪卡累利阿山丘的稀有坩埚：功能用途的矿物学指纹

在俄罗斯西北部拉多加地区的蒂弗斯克山丘堡（公元 13-14 世纪后期 - 公元 1411 年）出土了一个体积异常大且底部呈罐状的稀有坩埚。ICP-MS 数据显示坩埚可能是当地的技术陶瓷。由于其特定的体积和形状，这对于中世纪卡累利阿有色金属冶金中使用的坩埚来说并不典型，因此早些时候它被认为是用于铁的胶结的技术陶瓷。目前的研究揭示了锡青铜金属合金以及坩埚壁上记录的硫化铜矿物，表明它可能已用于有色金属加工。坩埚在高于 1050 °C 的温度下进行热处理可以通过石英的异质成分、黑云母的热分解、