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Early Oligocene Surface Uplift in Southwestern Montana During the North American Cordilleran Extension
Tectonics ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-17 , DOI: 10.1029/2020tc006671
Lin Li 1, 2 , Majie Fan 1 , Lu Zhu 1
Affiliation  

The topographic history of the North American Cordillera holds the key to understanding the tectonic and geodynamic processes of orogenesis and post-orogenic collapse. In southwestern Montana and its adjacent regions, previous studies have suggested that the early middle Eocene rollback of the Farallon flat-slab caused the latest topographic growth, after which regional mean elevations were progressively lowered due to extensional collapse. In this study, we report 60 new Eocene-Miocene stable hydrogen isotopic values (δD) of hydrated volcanic glass from southwestern Montana to examine regional topographic history during the extension. The δD values show a two-stage negative shift of ∼35‰ during the late Paleogene, the timing of which is further refined by published ages and new zircon U-Pb ages. About 19‰ of the negative shift occurred during the late Eocene-earliest Oligocene (∼40–32 Ma) when global and regional climate experienced cooling, and the shift can be mostly accounted for by climate change. The remaining 16‰ negative shift occurred during the early Oligocene (∼32–30 Ma), which can be best explained by regional surface uplift of 0.9 ± 0.5 km. This inferred surface uplift occurred more than 17 Myr after the initiation of the Cordilleran extension in this region, and thus challenges the traditional assumption of progressive topographic lowering during the post-orogenic collapse. This surface uplift, if occurred, may reflect lower mantle lithosphere removal in southwestern Montana.

中文翻译:

北美科迪勒拉延伸期间蒙大拿西南部早渐新世地表隆升

北美山脉的地形历史是了解造山作用和造山后崩塌的构造和地球动力学过程的关键。在蒙大拿州西南部及其邻近地区,先前的研究表明,Farallon 平板的早中始新世回滚导致了最新的地形增长,此后由于拉伸坍塌,区域平均海拔逐渐降低。在这项研究中,我们报告了来自蒙大拿州西南部的水合火山玻璃的 60 个新的始新世-中新世稳定氢同位素值 (δD),以检查延伸期间的区域地形历史。δD 值在古近纪晚期显示出约 35‰的两阶段负移,其时间由已发表的年龄和新的锆石 U-Pb 年龄进一步细化。大约 19‰的负转移发生在晚始新世-最早的渐新世(~40-32 Ma)期间,当时全球和区域气候经历了降温,这种转变主要是由气候变化造成的。剩余的 16‰ 负移发生在渐新世早期(~32-30 Ma),这可以用 0.9 ± 0.5 km 的区域地表隆升来最好地解释。这种推断的地表抬升发生在该地区科迪勒拉延伸开始后超过 17 Myr,因此挑战了造山后崩塌期间地形逐渐降低的传统假设。如果发生这种地表隆起,则可能反映了蒙大拿州西南部的下地幔岩石圈的移除。这种转变主要是由气候变化造成的。剩余的 16‰ 负移发生在渐新世早期(~32-30 Ma),这可以用 0.9 ± 0.5 km 的区域地表隆升来最好地解释。这种推断的地表抬升发生在该地区科迪勒拉延伸开始后超过 17 Myr,因此挑战了造山后崩塌期间地形逐渐降低的传统假设。如果发生这种地表隆起,则可能反映了蒙大拿州西南部的下地幔岩石圈的移除。这种转变主要是由气候变化造成的。剩余的 16‰ 负移发生在渐新世早期(~32-30 Ma),这可以用 0.9 ± 0.5 km 的区域地表隆升来最好地解释。这种推断的地表抬升发生在该地区科迪勒拉延伸开始后超过 17 Myr,因此挑战了造山后崩塌期间地形逐渐降低的传统假设。如果发生这种地表隆起,则可能反映了蒙大拿州西南部的下地幔岩石圈的移除。因此挑战了造山后崩塌期间地形逐渐降低的传统假设。如果发生这种地表隆起,则可能反映了蒙大拿州西南部的下地幔岩石圈的移除。因此挑战了造山后崩塌期间地形逐渐降低的传统假设。如果发生这种地表隆起,则可能反映了蒙大拿州西南部的下地幔岩石圈的移除。
更新日期:2021-07-01
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