The roles of interaction between two catalyst components in CuO–ZnO–ZrO₂–Al₂O₃ (CZZA)/HZSM-5 bifunctional catalyst for dimethyl ether (DME) synthesis via carbon dioxide hydrogenation were investigated. It was found that CZZA catalyst showed excellent stability during methanol (MeOH) synthesis for 100 h, while there was a severe loss of catalytic activity in the bifunctional catalyst for DME synthesis. Hence, the effects of different degrees of intimacy of two catalyst components were studied for DME synthesis, including mixed and separated modes. For the mixed mode, the particle size of catalysts and the amount of reaction intermediates were proven to influence the catalyst deactivation. For the separated mode, the catalysts showed rapid deactivation within a short time. Various characterizations indicated that the remarkable deactivation of separated mode was mainly caused by the decrease of copper active centers (e.g., sintering and oxidation) and blockage of acid sites via increased coke deposition on HZSM-5.

中文翻译：

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CZZA/HZSM-5催化剂组分间相互作用在CO2加氢合成二甲醚中的作用

CuO–ZnO–ZrO ₂ –Al ₂ O _{3 中}两种催化剂组分之间相互作用的作用(CZZA)/HZSM-5 双功能催化剂用于通过二氧化碳加氢合成二甲醚 (DME) 进行了研究。发现 CZZA 催化剂在甲醇 (MeOH) 合成过程中表现出优异的稳定性 100 小时，而用于 DME 合成的双功能催化剂的催化活性严重丧失。因此，研究了两种催化剂组分的不同亲密度对二甲醚合成的影响，包括混合和分离模式。对于混合模式，催化剂的粒径和反应中间体的数量被证明会影响催化剂的失活。对于分离模式，催化剂在短时间内表现出快速失活。各种表征表明分离模式的显着失活主要是由于铜活性中心的减少（例如，