Soluble resistance-related calcium-binding protein (sorcin), a 22 kDa penta-EF-hand protein, has been intensively studied in cancers and multidrug resistance over a prolonged period. Sorcin is widely distributed in tissues and participates in the regulation of Ca²⁺ homeostasis and Ca²⁺-dependent signaling. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are essential for regulating protein functions in almost all biological processes. Sorcin interaction partners tend to vary in type, including Ca²⁺ receptors, Ca²⁺ transporters, endoplasmic reticulum stress markers, transcriptional regulatory elements, immunomodulation-related factors, and viral proteins. Recent studies have shown that sorcin is involved in a broad range of pathological conditions, such as cardiomyopathy, type 2 diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative diseases, liver diseases, and viral infections. As a multifunctional cellular protein, in these diseases, sorcin has a role by interacting with or regulating the expression of other proteins, such as sarcoplasmic reticulum/endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ ATPase, ryanodine receptors, presenilin 2, L-type Ca²⁺ channels, carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein, tau, α-synuclein, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, HCV nonstructural 5A protein, and viral capsid protein 1. This review summarizes the roles that sorcin plays in various diseases, mainly via different PPIs, and focuses principally on non-neoplastic diseases to help acquire a more comprehensive understanding of sorcin's multifunctional characteristics.

可溶性耐药相关钙结合蛋白 (sorcin) 是一种 22 kDa 五-EF 手蛋白，已在癌症和多药耐药性中进行了长时间的深入研究。Sorcin 广泛分布于组织中并参与 Ca ²⁺稳态和 Ca ²⁺依赖性信号传导的调节。蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）对于调节几乎所有生物过程中的蛋白质功能至关重要。Sorcin 相互作用伙伴的类型往往不同，包括 Ca ²⁺受体、Ca ²⁺转运蛋白、内质网应激标志物、转录调控元件、免疫调节相关因子和病毒蛋白。最近的研究表明，sorcin 与广泛的病理状况有关，例如心肌病、2 型糖尿病、神经退行性疾病、肝脏疾病和病毒感染。作为一种多功能细胞蛋白，在这些疾病中，sorcin 通过与其他蛋白质相互作用或调节其他蛋白质的表达而发挥作用，例如肌质网/内质网 Ca ²⁺ ATPase、ryanodine 受体、早老素 2、L 型 Ca ²⁺ 通道、碳水化合物反应元件结合蛋白、tau、α-突触核蛋白、信号转导和转录激活因子 3、HCV 非结构 5A 蛋白和病毒衣壳蛋白 1。本综述总结了 sorcin 在各种疾病中的作用，主要通过不同的PPI，主要关注非肿瘤性疾病，以帮助更全面地了解 sorcin 的多功能特性。