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Nitrous oxide emissions from red clover and winter wheat residues depend on interacting effects of distribution, soil N availability and moisture level
Plant and Soil ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-17 , DOI: 10.1007/s11104-021-05030-8
Arezoo Taghizadeh-Toosi , Baldur Janz , Rodrigo Labouriau , Jørgen E. Olesen , Klaus Butterbach-Bahl , Søren O. Petersen

Aim

The effects of residue type and distribution, soil moisture and NO3 availability were investigated in 43 days laboratory incubations (15 °C) on emissions of N2O, CO2, and for some treatments NO and NH3.

Methods

Two crop residues were considered (red clover, RC, and winter wheat, WW), and they were either mixed with topsoil, placed as a discrete layer in soil, or no addition. Soil NO3 was either at ambient level or increased. Water filled pore space (WFPS) was adjusted to either 40 or 60%. All treatments were analysed for mineral N, N2O and CO2 with manual sampling and gas chromatography. Selected treatments were analysed with a continuous-flow method of N2O and CO2 by laser spectroscopy, NO by photoluminescence and NH3 by acid traps.

Results

The NH3 and NO emissions was higher in mixed RC than control and WW treatment. The N2O emission was many-fold higher with mixed than layered distribution, but only with high soil NO3 availability and high soil moisture. Emissions of N2O from WW were an order of magnitude lower compared to RC, and decomposition was slower. Both batch and continuous-flow incubations resulted in similar emissions. Disregarding the extreme emissions in the high WFPS and NO3 treatment, the N2O emission factors averaged 0.3 and 0.6% of residue N for WW and RC, respectively.

Conclusion

Residue decomposition was enhanced by mixing, and N2O emissions by higher soil water and NO3 content. The results show the importance of residue distribution and soil condition on estimating N2O emission factors for crops.



中文翻译:

红三叶草和冬小麦残留物的一氧化二氮排放取决于分布、土壤氮可用性和水分含量的相互作用

目标

在 43 天的实验室孵化 (15 °C) 中,研究了残留物类型和分布、土壤水分和 NO 3 -可用性对 N 2 O、CO 2以及某些处理 NO 和 NH 3排放的影响。

方法

考虑了两种作物残留物(红三叶草,RC 和冬小麦,WW),它们要么与表土混合,作为土壤中的离散层放置,要么不添加。土壤 NO 3 -处于环境水平或增加。水填充孔隙空间 (WFPS) 调整为 40% 或 60%。使用手动取样和气相色谱分析所有处理的矿物N、N 2 O和CO 2。通过激光光谱法对 N 2 O 和 CO 2的连续流动法、光致发光法分析 NO 和酸阱法分析 NH 3对选定的处理进行分析。

结果

NH 3和NO 排放在混合RC 中高于对照和WW 处理。混合分布比分层分布的 N 2 O 排放量高许多倍,但仅在土壤 NO 3 -可用性高和土壤水分高的情况下。WW的 N 2 O排放量比 RC 低一个数量级,分解速度更慢。分批和连续流孵化都导致类似的排放。不考虑高 WFPS 和 NO 3 -处理中的极端排放,N 2 O 排放因子平均分别为 WW 和 RC 残留 N 的 0.3% 和 0.6%。

结论

混合可促进残留物分解,较高的土壤水和 NO 3 -含量会导致 N 2 O 排放。结果表明残留物分布和土壤条件对估计作物的N 2 O 排放因子的重要性。

更新日期:2021-06-18
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