This study assessed the rate of primary infertility and its associated factors among 402,807 currently married women aged 20–49 years in India using National Family Health Survey-4 data collected in 2015–2016. Dietary patterns and selected morbidities were included as independent variables, and socioeconomic variables were considered as covariates. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were done to estimate the prevalence of primary infertility and assess its association with the selected variables, respectively. The rate of primary infertility among currently married women in India in 2015–16 was 1.9% and this was significantly associated with younger age (<35 years), higher age at marriage (≥18 years), urban residence, higher secondary or above education and poverty. The consumption of dairy products (OR = 0.79, CI = 0.73–0.86), dark green leafy vegetables (OR = 0.57, CI = 0.39–0.81) and fruit (OR = 0.88, CI = 0.77–1.01) significantly reduced the odds of primary infertility. Daily consumption of fish and aerated drinks was related to 1.06–1.21 times higher odds of primary infertility. Overweight/obesity, high blood pressure and high blood glucose levels were associated with 1.08–1.21 times elevated odds of primary infertility. Thyroid disorder (OR = 1.38, CI = 1.21–1.60), heart disease (OR = 1.17, CI = 1.16–1.19) and severe anaemia (OR = 1.24, CI = 1.00–1.53) were associated with an increased likelihood of primary infertility among women (OR 1.17–1.39, CI 1.00–1.60). The findings provide compelling evidence that primary infertility among women is related to dietary patterns and morbidities. Interventions and programmes targeting the promotion of healthy diets and lifestyles could be beneficial in addressing the issue of primary infertility among women.

本研究使用 2015-2016 年收集的 National Family Health Survey-4 数据评估了印度 402,807 名 20-49 岁已婚妇女的原发性不孕症发生率及其相关因素。饮食模式和选定的发病率作为自变量，社会经济变量被认为是协变量。进行了双变量和多变量分析以分别估计原发性不孕症的患病率并评估其与所选变量的关联。2015-16 年印度目前已婚妇女的原发性不孕率为 1.9%，这与年龄较小（<35 岁）、结婚年龄较大（≥18 岁）、城市居住、高中或以上教育显着相关和贫穷。乳制品消费（OR = 0.79，CI = 0.73–0.86），深绿叶蔬菜 (OR = 0.57, CI = 0.39–0.81) 和水果 (OR = 0.88, CI = 0.77–1.01) 显着降低了原发性不孕症的几率。每天食用鱼和充气饮料与原发性不孕症的几率高出 1.06-1.21 倍有关。超重/肥胖、高血压和高血糖水平与原发性不孕症几率增加 1.08-1.21 倍相关。甲状腺疾病（OR = 1.38，CI = 1.21-1.60）、心脏病（OR = 1.17，CI = 1.16-1.19）和严重贫血（OR = 1.24，CI = 1.00-1.53​​）与原发性不孕症的可能性增加相关在女性中（OR 1.17–1.39，CI 1.00–1.60）。研究结果提供了令人信服的证据，表明女性的原发性不孕症与饮食模式和发病率有关。