Biophilia is a human personality trait described initially by Erich Fromm and later by E.O. Wilson, both of whom agree that biophilia has a biological basis and that it is fundamental to develop harmonious relationships between humans and the biosphere. This review aims at establishing a definition of biophilia as an evolutionary process. To this end, the most significant studies of evolutionary psychology were considered, to outline the fundamental characteristics of a hypothetical biophilic temperament/personality and to reconstruct a plausible history of biophilia as an evolutionary process. This process considers different typologies of Nature (wilderness, rural, urban) and human cultures (Palaeolithic, Neolithic, Burg) and leads us to consider environmental preference and psycho-physiological recovery in relation to the threshold of time spent in contact with Nature. Unfortunately, modern people, especially children, lack direct and frequent contact with Nature and this can have negative consequences on their physical and mental health. Biophilic design, considering the evolutionary roots of this architectural approach, is an effective way of planning/designing interior and urban environments to stimulate the innate biophilia of the individual.

中文翻译：

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亲生物作为进化适应：亲生物设计的本体和系统发育框架

Biophilia 是一种人类个性特征，最初由 Erich Fromm 描述，后来由 EO Wilson 描述，他们都同意亲生物具有生物学基础，并且是在人类与生物圈之间发展和谐关系的基础。本综述旨在将亲生物性定义为一个进化过程。为此，考虑了进化心理学最重要的研究，以概述假设的亲生物气质/个性的基本特征，并将亲生物的似是而非的历史重建为进化过程。这个过程考虑了自然（荒野、乡村、城市）和人类文化（旧石器时代、新石器时代、Burg）并引导我们考虑环境偏好和心理生理恢复与与自然接触的时间阈值之间的关系。不幸的是，现代人，尤其是儿童，缺乏与大自然的直接和频繁接触，这会对他们的身心健康产生负面影响。考虑到这种建筑方法的进化根源，亲生物设计是规划/设计室内和城市环境以激发个人与生俱来的亲生物的有效方式。