Cancer is a second leading cause of death worldwide, and metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related mortality. The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), known as phenotypic change from epithelial cells to mesenchymal cells, is a crucial biological process during development. However, inappropriate activation of EMT contributes to tumor progression and promoting metastasis; therefore, inhibiting EMT is considered a promising strategy for developing drugs that can treat or prevent cancer. In the present study, we investigated the anti-cancer effect of bakuchiol (BC), a main component of var. , in human cancer cells using A549, HT29 and MCF7 cells. In MTT and colony forming assay, BC exerted cytotoxicity activity against cancer cells and inhibited proliferation of these cells. Anti-metastatic effects by BC were further confirmed by observing decreased migration and invasion in TGF-β-induced cancer cells after BC treatment. Furthermore, BC treatment resulted in increase of E-cadherin expression and decrease of Snail level in Western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis, supporting its anti-metastatic activity. In addition, BC inhibited lung metastasis of tail vein injected human cancer cells in animal model. These findings suggest that BC inhibits migration and invasion of cancers by suppressing EMT and metastasis, thereby may be a potential therapeutic agent for treating cancers.

中文翻译：

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补骨脂酚，榆树根皮的主要成分。粳稻，抑制 TGF-β 诱导的体外 EMT 和体内转移


癌症是全球第二大死亡原因，而转移是癌症相关死亡的主要原因。上皮-间质转化（EMT），即从上皮细胞到间质细胞的表型变化，是发育过程中至关重要的生物过程。然而，EMT的不适当激活会导致肿瘤进展并促进转移；因此，抑制 EMT 被认为是开发治疗或预防癌症药物的一种有前途的策略。在本研究中，我们研究了补骨脂酚（BC）的抗癌作用，补骨脂酚是补骨脂的主要成分。 ，在人类癌细胞中使用 A549、HT29 和 MCF7 细胞。在MTT和集落形成试验中，BC对癌细胞发挥细胞毒活性并抑制这些细胞的增殖。通过观察 BC 治疗后 TGF-β 诱导的癌细胞迁移和侵袭减少，进一步证实了 BC 的抗转移作用。此外，在蛋白质印迹和免疫荧光分析中，BC处理导致E-钙粘蛋白表达增加和Snail水平降低，支持其抗转移活性。此外，BC在动物模型中抑制尾静脉注射的人癌细胞的肺转移。这些发现表明BC通过抑制EMT和转移来抑制癌症的迁移和侵袭，从而可能成为治疗癌症的潜在治疗剂。