Room air conditioners are widely used to improve indoor thermal environments. However, the key factors that affect the performance have not been investigated systematically, which greatly influence the application of room air conditioners. Therefore, a subjective questionnaire and objective field test were conducted in this research. In the subjective questionnaire, the main problems, including the behavior of the occupants, indoor environment, and operation characteristics, were investigated through extensive research. Based on the subjective questionnaire results, field tests combining indoor environmental parameters and energy performance tests were conducted. The obtained results demonstrated that the status was quite different when comparing cooling and heating modes. Both cooling and heating modes improved the overall indoor thermal sensation. Thus, the heating mode results in more thermal complaints based on the thermal non-uniform and start-up stage. Meanwhile, dryness, vertical temperature difference, and draft are the primary requirements during the heating season. By contrast, eliminating drafts and the demand for fresh air are the key requirements for the cooling mode. The energy efficiency of room air conditioner is affected by the non-uniform indoor temperature distribution. This paper focused on both indoor environments and energy efficiency simultaneously, which provides a new research method and the optimization targets for room air conditioners.

室内空调被广泛用于改善室内热环境。然而，影响性能的关键因素尚未得到系统的研究，极大地影响了房间空调的应用。因此，本研究采用主观问卷和客观实地测试。在主观问卷中，通过广泛的研究调查了主要问题，包括居住者的行为、室内环境和操作特性。根据主观问卷结果，结合室内环境参数和能源性能测试进行现场测试。获得的结果表明，在比较冷却和加热模式时，状态有很大不同。制冷和制热模式均改善了整体室内热感。因此，加热模式会导致更多基于热不均匀和启动阶段的热投诉。同时，干燥、垂直温差和吃水是采暖季节的主要要求。相比之下，消除气流和对新鲜空气的需求是冷却模式的关键要求。室内空调的能效受室内温度分布不均的影响。本文同时关注室内环境和能源效率，为室内空调提供了一种新的研究方法和优化目标。垂直温差和吃水是采暖季节的主要要求。相比之下，消除气流和对新鲜空气的需求是冷却模式的关键要求。室内空调的能效受室内温度分布不均的影响。本文同时关注室内环境和能源效率，为室内空调提供了一种新的研究方法和优化目标。垂直温差和吃水是采暖季节的主要要求。相比之下，消除气流和对新鲜空气的需求是冷却模式的关键要求。室内空调的能效受室内温度分布不均的影响。本文同时关注室内环境和能源效率，为室内空调提供了一种新的研究方法和优化目标。