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Extreme winds and fire weather in coastal Santa Barbara County, CA: An observational analysis
International Journal of Climatology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-18 , DOI: 10.1002/joc.7262
Katelyn Zigner 1 , Leila M.V. Carvalho 1, 2 , Charles Jones 1, 2 , Gert‐Jan Duine 2
Affiliation  

Coastal Santa Barbara (SB) County in Southern California, characterized by a Mediterranean climate and complex topography, is a region prone to downslope windstorms that create critical fire weather conditions and rapidly spread wildfires. The Santa Ynez Mountains, oriented from east to west, rise abruptly from the coast, separating air masses from the ocean and the Santa Ynez Valley. The juxtaposition of these geographic features generates spatiotemporally variable wind regimes. This study analyzes diurnal-to-seasonal wind cycles and extremes in this region using hourly data from eight weather stations and four buoys for the period 1998–2019. Data from a vertical wind profiler at the Santa Barbara airport in Goleta, CA was extracted from August 2016 to September 2020. Air temperature, dew point temperature, and the Fosberg fire weather index are examined at land stations. We show that cycles in wind speed vary spatiotemporally; mountain (valley and coastal) stations exhibit a pronounced semiannual (annual) cycle, and wind maxima is observed during the evening (afternoon) at mountain (valley and coastal) stations. Differences in wind speed percentiles were evident among stations, particularly at and above the 75th percentile. Strong winds recorded at buoys were significantly correlated (between r = 0.3–0.5) to land stations. However, cross-correlational analysis did not reveal any temporal lags between mountain stations and buoys. Distributions of temperature and dew point during extreme winds differed between east and west mountain stations. Significant fire weather conditions were most frequent at mountain stations in Refugio and Montecito, with 5% occurrence in the spring and over 3% occurrence in fall. Weaker summertime winds lowered fire weather conditions at Montecito in the summer.

中文翻译:

加利福尼亚州圣巴巴拉县沿海的极端风和火灾天气:观测分析

南加州的圣巴巴拉沿海 (SB) 县以地中海气候和复杂的地形为特征,是一个容易发生下坡风暴的地区,这会造成严重的火灾天气条件并迅速蔓延野火。圣伊内斯山脉从东到西,从海岸陡然升起,将气团与海洋和圣伊内斯山谷隔开。这些地理特征的并置产生了时空变化的风态。本研究使用 1998-2019 年期间八个气象站和四个浮标的每小时数据分析了该地区从昼夜到季节的风循环和极端事件。从 2016 年 8 月到 2020 年 9 月,从加利福尼亚州戈利塔圣巴巴拉机场的垂直风廓线仪中提取的数据。气温、露点温度、在陆地站检查福斯贝格火灾天气指数。我们展示了风速的周期在时空上变化;山区(山谷和沿海)站表现出明显的半年(年)周期,在晚上(下午)在山区(山谷和沿海)站观察到风最大。站点间风速百分位的差异很明显,特别是在 75% 及以上。浮标处记录的强风显着相关(在 特别是在第 75 个百分位及以上。浮标处记录的强风显着相关(在 特别是在第 75 个百分位及以上。浮标处记录的强风显着相关(在r  = 0.3–0.5) 到陆地站。然而,互相关分析并未揭示山地站和浮标之间的任何时间滞后。极端风时温度和露点分布在东部和西部山区站之间存在差异。在 Refugio 和 Montecito 的山区车站,重大火灾天气状况最为频繁,春季发生率为 5%,秋季发生率超过 3%。夏季较弱的夏季风降低了蒙特西托夏季的火灾天气条件。
更新日期:2021-06-18
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