The lakeshores of western Switzerland are one of Europe's best-known Neolithic settlement areas, thanks to dendrochronological dating and the exceptional preservation of organic materials. Against this outstanding background, this study uses zooarchaeological data to answer a series of questions regarding the Neolithic economy, environment and human-environment interactions at these lakeshore sites. It also discusses, within an interdisciplinary framework, the possible impact climatic fluctuations, cultural influence, topographical conditions, and demographic growth had on economic change. The results show that the faunal economy was mainly based on animal husbandry, with fluctuations in the cattle-pig ratio. Hunting also played an important role in the food system and focused mainly on large game, especially red deer, which contributed significantly to the meat supply. The results from comparing these animal bone remains also show that multiple factors, such as topography, climatic conditions, and cultural influence, played a part in the socio-economic organisation of the Neolithic communities. Exploratory procedures such as correspondence analysis support these interpretations.

中文翻译：

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瑞士西部新石器时代湖滨遗址的狩猎、畜牧业和人与环境的相互作用

由于树木年代测定和有机材料的特殊保存，瑞士西部的湖岸是欧洲最著名的新石器时代聚居区之一。在这一突出背景下，本研究利用动物考古学数据回答了有关这些湖岸遗址新石器时代经济、环境和人与环境相互作用的一系列问题。它还在跨学科框架内讨论了气候波动、文化影响、地形条件和人口增长对经济变化可能产生的影响。结果表明，畜牧经济以畜牧业为主，牛猪比例波动较大。狩猎在食物系统中也发挥了重要作用，主要集中在大型猎物，尤其是马鹿，这对肉类供应做出了重大贡献。比较这些动物骨骼遗骸的结果还表明，地形、气候条件和文化影响等多种因素在新石器时代社区的社会经济组织中发挥了作用。诸如对应分析之类的探索性程序支持这些解释。