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A Late Pleistocene capybara (Rodentia, Caviidae, Hydrochoerinae) from near Houston, Texas, USA, with a brief review of North American fossil capybaras
Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia ( IF 0.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-01 , DOI: 10.1635/053.167.0105
Jon Baskin 1 , P. Darrow Gervais 2 , Camille J. Gervais 3
Affiliation  

A capybara jaw (Rodentia, Caviidae, Hydrochoerinae) and an isolated lower tooth fragment were recovered from dredge spoils on Pelican Island in Galveston Bay, Gulf Coast of Texas. The attached matrix on the jaw and most of the dredged material is clay, indicative of the latest Pleistocene Beaumont Formation which underlies the Holocene deposits. In the latest Pleistocene (Rancholabrean) of the United States, capybaras are known from along the Gulf and Atlantic coasts in Texas, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, and Virginia.These Rancholabrean capybaras have been assigned to three different taxa: Neochoerus pinckneyi Hay, 1923 for the largest size specimens, Hydrochoerus holmesi Simpson, 1928 for the somewhat smaller specimens, or Neochoerus aesopi Leidy, 1853, a name that had been considered invalid because it was not adequately diagnosed, if there is only one late Pleistocene species of North American capybara. The p4 in the new Texas mandible is much smaller than the genotype of N. pinckneyi from the Aransas River in South Texas and similar in size to H. holmesi from the Pleistocene of Florida and Recent H. hydrochaeris. However cheek tooth size and occlusal pattern in Recent capybaras varies significantly with age. Hydrochoerus holmesi cannot be distinguished from N. pinckneyi. None of the late Pleistocene capybaras of South Carolina, including the type and referred specimens of N. aesopi, have any characteristics to differentiate them from H. holmesi or N. pinckneyi. We therefore assign all the Texas and South Carolina specimens to N. aesopi.

中文翻译:

来自美国德克萨斯州休斯顿附近的更新世晚期水豚(Rodentia, Caviidae, Hydrochoerinae),简要回顾了北美水豚化石

从德克萨斯州墨西哥湾沿岸加尔维斯顿湾鹈鹕岛上的挖泥土中发现了一只水豚颚(啮齿目、鱼科、水豚科)和一个孤立的下齿碎片。颚上的附着基质和大部分疏浚物质是粘土,表明全新世沉积物下方的最新更新世博蒙特组。在美国最新的更新世 (Rancholabrean),水豚在德克萨斯州、佛罗里达州、佐治亚州、南卡罗来纳州和弗吉尼亚州的海湾和大西洋沿岸广为人知。这些 Rancholabrean 水豚被分配到三个不同的分类群中:Neochoerus pinckneyi Hay、 1923 年用于最大尺寸的标本,Hydrochoerus holmesi Simpson,1928 年用于较小的标本,或 Neochoerus aesopi Leidy,1853 年,该名称因未得到充分诊断而被认为无效,如果北美水豚只有一种晚更新世物种。新得克萨斯州下颌骨中的 p4 比得克萨斯州南部阿兰萨斯河的 N. pinckneyi 基因型小得多,大小与佛罗里达州更新世的 H. holmesi 和最近的 H. hydrochaeris 的大小相似。然而,近期水豚的颊齿大小和咬合模式随年龄而显着变化。Hydrochoerus holmesi 无法与 N. pinckneyi 区分开来。南卡罗来纳州的晚更新世水豚,包括伊索猪猪笼草的类型和参考标本,都没有任何特征可以将它们与 H. holmesi 或 N. pinckneyi 区分开来。因此,我们将德克萨斯州和南卡罗来纳州的所有标本都分配给了伊索皮猪笼草。pinckneyi 来自德克萨斯州南部的 Aransas 河,其大小与佛罗里达更新世的 H. holmesi 和最近的 H. hydrochaeris 相似。然而,近期水豚的颊齿大小和咬合模式随年龄而显着变化。Hydrochoerus holmesi 无法与 N. pinckneyi 区分开来。南卡罗来纳州的晚更新世水豚,包括伊索猪猪笼草的类型和参考标本,都没有任何特征可以将它们与 H. holmesi 或 N. pinckneyi 区分开来。因此,我们将德克萨斯州和南卡罗来纳州的所有标本都分配给了伊索皮猪笼草。pinckneyi 来自德克萨斯州南部的阿兰萨斯河,大小与佛罗里达更新世的 H. holmesi 和最近的 H. hydrochaeris 相似。然而,近期水豚的颊齿大小和咬合模式随年龄而显着变化。Hydrochoerus holmesi 无法与 N. pinckneyi 区分开来。南卡罗来纳州的晚更新世水豚,包括伊索猪猪笼草的类型和参考标本,都没有任何特征可以将它们与 H. holmesi 或 N. pinckneyi 区分开来。因此,我们将德克萨斯州和南卡罗来纳州的所有标本都分配给了伊索皮猪笼草。Hydrochoerus holmesi 无法与 N. pinckneyi 区分开来。南卡罗来纳州的晚更新世水豚,包括伊索猪猪笼草的类型和参考标本,都没有任何特征可以将它们与 H. holmesi 或 N. pinckneyi 区分开来。因此,我们将德克萨斯州和南卡罗来纳州的所有标本都分配给了伊索皮猪笼草。Hydrochoerus holmesi 无法与 N. pinckneyi 区分开来。南卡罗来纳州的晚更新世水豚,包括伊索猪猪笼草的类型和参考标本,都没有任何特征可以将它们与 H. holmesi 或 N. pinckneyi 区分开来。因此,我们将德克萨斯州和南卡罗来纳州的所有标本都分配给了伊索皮猪笼草。
更新日期:2020-03-01
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