A presumption is usually defined as using a known fact to infer another fact. However, presumptions could be defined more broadly, as including several types of logical leaps, shortcuts, automatisms, burden-shifting mechanisms and predispositions. Using more than 30 such "presumptions" as examples, this paper tries to: (a) provide a description and a classification of presumptions in EU competition law; (b) explore to what extent these presumptions are compatible with fundamental rights and general principles of EU law; and (c) explain the rationales for presumptions in EU competition law.

中文翻译：

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欧盟竞争法中的推定

推定通常被定义为使用已知事实来推断另一个事实。然而，推定的定义可以更广泛，包括几种类型的逻辑跳跃、捷径、自动化、负担转移机制和倾向。本文以 30 多个这样的“推定”为例，试图： (a) 对欧盟竞争法中的推定进行描述和分类；(b) 探讨这些推定在多大程度上符合欧盟法律的基本权利和一般原则；(c) 解释欧盟竞争法中推定的理由。