Spare parts are treated as the basis to guarantee the safe and economic operation of civil aircraft, its scientific prediction and reasonable configuration play an important role in perfecting integrated logistics support (ILS) and achieving win-win situation of stakeholders (e.g. manufacturers, operators, maintenance providers). This paper studies the existing spare parts prediction and configuration methods of civil aircraft, and discusses future development trend of spare parts from the perspective of prediction and configuration, respectively. The current development status of civil aircraft spare parts prediction techniques are firstly introduced, according to demand characteristics of spare parts; the present research status of civil aircraft spare parts configuration methods are then elaborated, based on the traditional methods and machine learning methods; the development trend of civil aircraft spare parts prediction and configuration methods is finally analyzed, combined with the advantages and disadvantages of the existing methods of civil aircraft spare parts management methods. The efforts of this work provide a reference for the comprehensive management of civil aircraft spare parts and improve the perfection degree for the ILS of civil aircraft.

备件作为保障民机安全经济运行的基础，其科学预测和合理配置对于完善综合后勤保障（ILS），实现利益相关者（如制造商、运营商、维护供应商）。本文研究了民用飞机现有的备件预测和配置方法，分别从预测和配置的角度探讨了备件未来的发展趋势。根据备件需求特点，首先介绍了民机备件预测技术的发展现状；然后阐述了民用飞机零部件配置方法的研究现状，基于传统方法和机器学习方法；最后结合现有民机备件管理方法的优缺点分析了民机备件预测与配置方法的发展趋势。该工作为民机备件的综合管理提供了参考，提高了民机ILS的完善程度。