Increasing fresh water scarcity is a major constraint for rice (Oryza sativa) productivity under future climatic conditions. It is important to understand why rice cannot perform like other dryland cereals, when grown under drier soil conditions. The responses of plant growth, plant water status, leaf and stem anatomical attributes to soil water deficit were examined at two developmental stages of three rice and two wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars grown under three water regimes in a pot experiment. Yield and yield components were determined at plant maturity. The stress sensitivity of plant growth was slightly more prominent at vegetative than at flowering stages. Water deficit limited root growth but had little impact on above-ground growth in rice plants. The xylem system of the leaves was more developed in rice than in wheat, but the opposite was true for the root xylem system. Compared with stem xylem attributes, leaf xylem attributes played a larger role in modulating leaf water potential under water deficit. In addition, the variation in yield response to water deficit between various types of rice, and between rice and wheat was closely associated with the response of leaf water potential to water deficit. To grow rice in drier conditions, its xylem system should be balanced by increasing root growth and modifying leaf anatomy.

中文翻译：

---

枝条解剖特征是否允许水稻在缺水的情况下生长良好？

淡水日益稀缺是未来气候条件下水稻（ Oryza sativa ）生产力的主要限制因素。重要的是要了解为什么水稻在干燥的土壤条件下生长时不能像其他旱地谷物一样发挥作用。研究了三稻两小麦（Triticum aestivum) 盆栽试验中在三种水分条件下生长的品种。在植物成熟时测定产量和产量成分。植物生长的胁迫敏感性在营养期比开花期略显着。水分亏缺限制了根系的生长，但对水稻地上部分的生长几乎没有影响。水稻叶片的木质部系统比小麦更发达，但根部的木质部系统则相反。与茎木质部属性相比，叶木质部属性在水分亏缺条件下对叶片水势的调节作用更大。此外，不同类型水稻之间以及水稻和小麦之间的产量对​​缺水响应的差异与叶片水势对缺水的响应密切相关。为了在更干燥的条件下种植水稻，