Background: B-TiO₂ was supported on the surface of iM16K glass bubbles to achieve a suitable density for the B-TiO₂/iM16K composite hollow spheres. Aeration or stirring in the wastewater can lead to thorough mixing of photocatalyst and wastewater. Solid-water separation is relatively easy because the materials can float on the water surface while stopping aeration or stirring.

Methods: The iM16K glass bubbles were used to prepare boron-doped B-TiO₂/iM16K composite hollow spheres through a sol-gel route. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, UV-Visible diffuse reflectance spectrometry, and N₂ adsorption-desorption techniques. The photocatalytic degradation of azophloxine on the composites was determined.

Results: The bandgap energy of the B-TiO₂/iM16K composite was slightly less than 3.0 eV when the calcination temperature was below 500°C. The sample calcined at 350°C had a BET surface area of 88.6 m²/g, while the value of the sample calcined at 800°C was 1.2 m²/g. The maximum photocatalytic degradation efficiency was obtained for the sample calcined at 450°C, and nearly all of the original azophloxine molecules were decomposed after 120 min of irradiation. Photocatalytic degradation efficiency after 30 min of irradiation was enhanced from 18.8% to 47.9% when the B-TiO₂ dosage increased from 100 to 800 mg/L.

Conclusion: Crystallization of anatase TiO₂ was temperature-dependent, and the properties of BTiO₂/ iM16K composite hollow spheres were affected by the phase composition of the boron-doped TiO₂ layer. The change in calcination temperature can have a significant effect on the photocatalytic degradation of azophloxine. The production of hydroxyl radical depended on the photocatalytic activity of the B-TiO₂/iM16K composite hollow spheres.

背景：B-TiO ₂负载在 iM16K 玻璃泡的表面，以达到适合 B-TiO ₂ /iM16K 复合空心球的密度。在废水中曝气或搅拌可导致光催化剂和废水的彻底混合。固水分离相对容易，因为物料可以在停止曝气或搅拌的同时漂浮在水面上。

方法：利用iM16K玻璃泡，通过溶胶-凝胶途径制备掺硼B-TiO ₂ /iM16K复合空心球。通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、紫外-可见漫反射光谱和N ₂吸附-解吸技术对材料进行表征。测定了复合材料上偶氮氧杂环己烷的光催化降解。

结果：当煅烧温度低于500°C时，B-TiO ₂ /iM16K复合材料的带隙能略小于3.0 eV。在350℃下煅烧的样品具有88.6m ² /g的BET表面积，而在800℃下煅烧的样品的值为1.2m ² /g。在 450°C 下煅烧的样品获得了最大的光催化降解效率，并且在辐照 120 分钟后几乎所有的原始偶氮氧化合物分子都被分解了。当B-TiO ₂用量从100 mg/L增加到800 mg/L时，照射30 min后的光催化降解效率从18.8%提高到47.9% 。

结论：锐钛矿型TiO _{2 的}结晶与温度有关，BTiO ₂ / iM16K复合空心球的性能受硼掺杂TiO ₂层的相组成影响。煅烧温度的变化对氮氧杂环己烷的光催化降解有显着影响。羟基自由基的产生取决于B-TiO ₂ /iM16K复合空心球的光催化活性。