Two Pavlovian appetitive conditioning experiments with rats demonstrated that spontaneous recovery can be strongly reduced (prevented). The experiments also investigated potential common factors associated with that prevention of spontaneous recovery after extinction. After pairings of a conditioned stimulus (CS) with a food unconditioned stimulus (US), an extinction cue (EC) was presented during extinction and spontaneous recovery testing with the CS. Replicating Brooks and Bowker (2001), EC–US pairings in the CS extinction–test interval subsequently resulted in the EC strongly reducing (preventing) spontaneous recovery to the CS (Experiment 1). Experiment 1 also assessed an “erasure” hypothesis of how the EC may reduce spontaneous recovery. Experiment 2 assessed EC– or US–alone presentations, or unpairings of EC and US, in the CS extinction–test interval. Spontaneous recovery was also prevented when the EC was presented alone or unpaired with the US, but USs alone interfered with the EC’s spontaneous recovery–preventing effect. No evidence was found for the EC operating by erasure, conditioned inhibition, generalized extinction, or generalized extinction. Together the results suggest that after CS extinction additional EC presentations are sufficient to prevent spontaneous recovery.

用大鼠进行的两次巴甫洛夫式食欲调节实验表明，可以大大减少（阻止）自发恢复。实验还调查了与防止灭绝后自然恢复相关的潜在共同因素。在将条件刺激 (CS) 与食物无条件刺激 (US) 配对后，在使用 CS 进行的灭绝和自发恢复测试期间会出现灭绝线索 (EC)。复制 Brooks 和 Bowker (2001)，在 CS 灭绝-测试间隔中的 EC-US 配对随后导致 EC 强烈减少（阻止）对 CS 的自发恢复（实验 1）。实验 1 还评估了 EC 如何减少自发恢复的“擦除”假设。实验 2 评估了 EC 或 US 单独的演示，或 EC 和 US 的不配对，在 CS 消光测试间隔中。当 EC 单独出现或与 US 不配对时，也会阻止自发恢复，但单独使用 US 会干扰 EC 的自发恢复预防效果。没有发现 EC 通过擦除、条件抑制、普遍灭绝或普遍灭绝来运作的证据。结果表明，在 CS 灭绝后，额外的 EC 演示足以防止自发恢复。