Globally, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) represent a third-generation photovoltaic technology that is being increasingly implemented and commercialized. However, the biological impacts of leachates from PSCs are poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the ecotoxicity of PSC leachates compared with that of commercial Si-based solar cell (SBSC) leachates. We performed leaching assessments and aquatic bioassays using internationally recommended test species and measured and compared the ecotoxicity of PSC and SBSC leachates. As a result of the leaching analyses, Si, Pb, and Al were found to be the most leached elements from broken PSCs and SBSCs. The bioassays indicated that polycrystalline SBSC (p-Si) and monocrystalline SBSC (m-Si) leachates were more toxic to fish embryos than the PSC leachates and that water fleas were sensitive to m-Si leachates, but less sensitive to PSC and p-Si leachates. In addition, principle component analyses indicated that the ecotoxicity of solar cell leachates was related to either the Pb or Si content. This is the first comparative study of the potential ecotoxicity of PSC and SBSC leachates in aquatic ecosystems, and the results of which can be used in the environmentally safe commercialization of solar cells.

在全球范围内，钙钛矿太阳能电池 (PSC) 代表了第三代光伏技术，并且越来越多地实施和商业化。然而，人们对 PSC 渗滤液的生物学影响知之甚少。因此，本研究的目的是研究 PSC 渗滤液与商用硅基太阳能电池 (SBSC) 渗滤液的生态毒性。我们使用国际推荐的测试物种进行了浸出评估和水生生物测定，并测量和比较了 PSC 和 SBSC 浸出液的生态毒性。浸出分析的结果是，Si、Pb 和 Al 是从破碎的 PSC 和 SBSC 中浸出最多的元素。生物测定表明，多晶 SBSC (p-Si) 和单晶 SBSC (m-Si) 浸出液对鱼胚胎的毒性高于 PSC 浸出液，并且水蚤对 m-Si 浸出液敏感，但对 PSC 和 p- 不太敏感。 Si 渗滤液。此外，主成分分析表明太阳能电池浸出液的生态毒性与 Pb 或 Si 含量有关。这是对水生生态系统中 PSC 和 SBSC 渗滤液潜在生态毒性的首次比较研究，其结果可用于太阳能电池的环境安全商业化。