Introduction

Changes in cerebral blood flow in response to neuronal activation can be measured by time-dependent fluctuations in hemoglobin species within the brain. This is the basis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). There is a clinical need for portable neural imaging systems, such as fNIRS, to accommodate patients who are unable to tolerate an MR environment.

Objective

To compare task-related full-head fNIRS and fMRI signals across cortical regions.

Methods

Eighteen healthy adults completed a same day fNIRS-fMRI study, in which they performed right and left-hand finger tapping tasks and a semantic-decision tones-decision task. First and second level general linear models were applied to both datasets.

Results

The finger tapping task showed significant fNIRS channel activity over the contralateral primary motor cortex corresponded to surface fMRI activity. Similarly, significant fNIRS channel activity over the bilateral temporal lobe corresponded to the same primary auditory regions as surface fMRI during the semantic-decision tones-decision task. Additional channels were significant for this task that did not correspond to surface fMRI activity.

Conclusion

While both imaging modalities showed left-lateralized activation for language processing, the current fNIRS analysis did not show concordant or expected localization at the level necessary for clinical use in individual pediatric epileptic patients. Future work is needed to show how comparable fNIRS and fMRI is at the source level so that it can be used in a clinical setting on individual patients. If comparable, such an imaging approach could be applied to children with neurological disorders.

中文翻译：

---

比较全头功能近红外光谱与功能磁成像及其在儿科神经病学中的潜在应用

介绍

响应于神经元激活的脑血流变化可以通过脑内血红蛋白种类的时间依赖性波动来测量。这是功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 和功能近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 的基础。临床需要便携式神经成像系统，例如 fNIRS，以适应无法耐受 MR 环境的患者。

客观的

比较皮层区域与任务相关的全头 fNIRS 和 fMRI 信号。

方法

18 名健康成年人在同一天完成了 fNIRS-fMRI 研究，其中他们执行了左右手指敲击任务以及语义决定音调决定任务。第一级和第二级通用线性模型应用于两个数据集。

结果

手指敲击任务显示对侧初级运动皮层上的显着 fNIRS 通道活动对应于表面 fMRI 活动。同样，在语义决定音调决定任务期间，双侧颞叶上的显着 fNIRS 通道活动对应于与表面 fMRI 相同的主要听觉区域。对于与表面 fMRI 活动不对应的任务，其他通道非常重要。

结论

虽然两种成像方式均显示语言处理的左侧激活，但当前的 fNIRS 分析并未显示在个别儿科癫痫患者临床使用所需的水平上的一致或预期定位。未来的工作需要展示 fNIRS 和 fMRI 在源水平上的可比性，以便它可以用于个体患者的临床环境中。如果具有可比性，这种成像方法可以应用于患有神经系统疾病的儿童。