As renewable portfolio standards enforce the expansion of renewables on the U.S. grid in the coming years, old storage technologies must be re-evaluated for a dynamic, interactive future grid. Ice thermal storage, traditionally for diurnal load shifting on large central chiller plants, is also viable in packaged devices for most buildings that lack central plants. However, modeling of these unitary thermal storage systems (UTSS) has been very limited to-date. To help make packaged thermal storage modeling more accessible, this paper presents a recently developed OpenStudio measure for rapid analysis of UTSS. Using this measure, we assess the UTSS implementation in new and retrofit retail buildings with both packaged single zone air conditioners (PSZAC) and packaged variable air volume (PVAV) systems. Each implementation is evaluated on annual energy use, fan energy use, load shifting efficiency, daily unused ice availability, and potential cost savings under various time-of-use rates. Deficiencies with schedule-based control are highlighted by comparing the daily unused ice and the cooling-electricity load duration curve. Annual energy use increases by 1.2–3.7%, but on-peak electric demand is reduced by 32.2–36.6%.

随着可再生能源组合标准在未来几年强制扩大美国电网的可再生能源，必须重新评估旧的存储技术，以建立一个动态的、交互式的未来电网。冰蓄热，传统上用于大型中央冷水机组的昼夜负荷转移，在大多数没有中央机组的建筑物的封装设备中也是可行的。然而，迄今为止，对这些单一蓄热系统 (UTSS) 的建模非常有限。为了帮助更容易地进行封装热存储建模，本文介绍了最近开发的用于快速分析 UTSS 的 OpenStudio 措施。使用这一措施，我们评估了在新的和改造的零售建筑中使用包装单区域空调 (PSZAC) 和包装可变风量 (PVAV) 系统的 UTSS 实施情况。每个实施都根据年度能源使用量、风扇能源使用量、负载转移效率、每日未使用冰的可用性以及不同使用时间率下的潜在成本节约进行评估。通过比较每日未使用的冰和冷却电力负载持续时间曲线，突出了基于计划的控制的缺陷。年能源使用量增加 1.2-3.7%，但高峰用电量减少 32.2-36.6%。