In the building sector, 40% of final energy is used for heating and cooling. Up to 75% of this is used in residential buildings. It is necessary to take a step forward and reduce this share of energy consumption, in particular through the use of efficient technologies and their integration into the system of renovation of residential buildings, which is a major challenge for future research in this field. An important technology for achieving this goal is heat storage, where the use of phase change materials as heat storage material allows for a higher energy density. The main advantage of using heat storage technologies is the solution of the problem of the temporal divergence of energy demand and the possibility to use a higher share of energy from renewable sources, e.g. such as solar energy. Solar energy as a resource can be used during the day, when production is higher than demand, which allows storing energy for a later period of demand. This also improves the efficiency of the heat generators in the system in which the thermal storage is integrated. The focus of the present study is on the investigation of phase change materials (PCM) as thermal storage in the conventional water tank storage. A comparison was made between a conventional sensible thermal energy storage tank and a hybrid latent heat storage tank, where the PCM was encapsulated in cylindrical nodules and integrated into the water tank to improve the energy density of the conventional water heat storage tank. The results of the experiment showed that 15% of the PCM inside the water storage tank increases heat storage for 70% over conventional heat storage tank with water only inside. The measured experimental data were compared with the simulation results from TRNSYS model to enable further analysis and improvement of the heat storage tank with PCM integration.

在建筑领域，40% 的最终能源用于供暖和制冷。其中高达 75% 用于住宅建筑。有必要向前迈出一步，降低这一能源消耗份额，特别是通过使用高效技术并将其集成到住宅建筑改造系统中，这是该领域未来研究的主要挑战。实现这一目标的一项重要技术是蓄热，其中使用相变材料作为蓄热材料可以实现更高的能量密度。使用蓄热技术的主要优势是解决了能源需求的时间差异问题，以及使用来自可再生能源（例如太阳能）的更高份额能源的可能性。太阳能作为一种资源可以在白天使用，当产量高于需求时，这可以为以后的需求储存能量。这也提高了集成了蓄热器的系统中热发生器的效率。本研究的重点是研究相变材料 (PCM) 作为传统水箱储存中的热储存。对比了传统的显热蓄热罐和混合潜热蓄热罐，将PCM封装在圆柱形结节中并集成到水罐中，以提高传统水蓄热罐的能量密度。实验结果表明，储水罐内15%的PCM比仅在内部装有水的传统储热罐增加了70%的储热量。将测量的实验数据与 TRNSYS 模型的仿真结果进行比较，以进一步分析和改进具有 PCM 集成的储热罐。